Table 3 Change in physical performance and physical activity in older patients during hospitalization
Author | Yeara | Outcomeb# | Group | Pe | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention | Control | |||||||||
Pre | Δcd | Pre | Δcd | |||||||
BĂ¼rge [21] | 2017 | Barthel Index | 13.4 (4.4) | 0 (6.0) | 13.3 (4.1) | −0.8 (6.4) | – | |||
Functional Independence Measure | 79.7 (21.5) | −0.7 (30.7) | 77.7 (19.3) | −3.3 (29.6) | – | |||||
Czyzewski [17] | 2013 | 10-Meter Walk Test, sec | NG | 4.2 | NG | 4.6 | – | |||
Time Up and Go, sec | NG | 2.8 | NG | 3.7 | – | |||||
Scale of independent postoperative patient’s activity | NG | 36.9 (6.9)f | NG | 28.3 (6.7)f | +++ | |||||
Haines [23] | 2011 | Falls, falls/1000 patient-days | NG | 10.0 - pre | NG | 21.2 - pre | +++ | |||
Absolute improvement FRTg, cm, median, IQR | 10 (6, 14.8) | 9.3 (4, 14.9) | 10,8 (2.8, 19) | 0.3 (2.5, 7.6) | +++ | |||||
Rate of improvement FRTg, cm, median, IQR | NG | 0.4 (0.2, 0.8) | NG | 0.0 (0.1, 0.5) | ++ | |||||
Time Up and Go, sec, median, IQR | 34 (23, 48) | 11.1 (3.7, 22.1) | 29 (21, 48) | 8.1 (1.9, 14.2) | – | |||||
6-Minute Walking Test, m, median, IQR | 130 (80, 203) | 45 (7.5, 91.3) | 140 (85, 204) | 65 (23.8, 111.2) | – | |||||
Gait velocity, m/s, median, IQR | 0.5 (0.3, 0.6) | 4.7 (0.7, −10.8) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.6) | 3 (0.7, 7.8) | – | |||||
Step length, cm, median, IQR | 35 (22, 43) | 0.2 (0.8, 6) | 33 (26, 43) | 2 (1.1, 12) | – | |||||
Step test-left, steps, median, IQR | 1.5 (0, 6.8) | 2 (0, 5.3) | 1 (0, 8) | 2 (0. 7) | – | |||||
Step test-right, steps, median, IQR | 0 (0, 7) | 2 (0,5) | 2,5 (0, 7.8) | 2 (0. 6) | – | |||||
Knee extension – right, kg, median, IQR | 10 (7, 16) | 2 (0, 4) | 11 (9, 15) | 1 (−1, 3) | – | |||||
Knee extension – left kg, median, IQR | 10 (8, 15) | 1 (−1, 3) | 12 (9, 16) | 0 (−1, 3) | – | |||||
Knee flexion – right kg, median, IQR | 8 (6, 11) | 1 (0, 4) | 8 (6, 11) | 1 (−1, 3) | – | |||||
Knee flexion – left kg, median, IQR | 8 (6, 10) | 2 (0, 4) | 8 (6, 10) | 0 (−1, 3) | – | |||||
Hip abduction – right kg, median, IQR | 6 (4, 8) | 1 (0, 3) | 6 (5, 8) | 1 (−1, 4) | – | |||||
Hip abduction – left kg, median, IQR | 5 (3.8, 6) | 2 (0, 4) | 5 (4, 7) | 0.5 (−1, 3.8) | – | |||||
Ankle dorsiflexion – right kg, median, IQR | 6 (4, 9) | 1 (0, 3) | 7 (5, 8.8) | 0.5 (−1, 2) | – | |||||
Ankle dorsiflexion – left kg, median, IQR | 6 (4,8) | 2 (0, 4) | 6 (5, 8) | 1 (−0.3, 2) | – | |||||
Hegerova [22] | 2014 | Lean Body Mass, kg | NG | 30.6 (9.1) – pre | NG | 30.9 (10.9) – pre | – | |||
Barthel Index | NG | 93.2 (7.7) – pre | NG | 91.3 (10.0) – pre | – | |||||
Jones [25] | 2006 | Modified Barthel Index – median, IQR | 71 (51.5, 83.0) | 11 (3.2) | 61 (40.5, 82.5) | 9 (2.2) | – | |||
Time Up and Go, decrease in s, median, IQR | 24.2 (15.8,37,3) | 5.4 (1.0, 12.4) | 21.5 (16.9, 25.9) | 1.2 (−0.9, 4.3) | + | |||||
Kim [15] | 2013 | Romberg test (eyes open) | 48.9 (11.6) | −3.7 (17.1) | 51.4 (15.3) | −13.0 (18.7) | – | |||
Romberg test (eyes closed) | 64.2 (21.0) | −18.1 (26.2) | 62.3 (20.3) | −20.4 (23.4) | – | |||||
Functional Reach Test, cm | 14.8 (5.0) | 14.0 (7.4) | 15.3 (5.0) | 6.9 (7.0) | + | |||||
Time Up and Go, sec | 18.9 (8.2) | −6.1 (9.3) | 20.0 (7.1) | −3.5 (8.4) | + | |||||
10-Meter Walk Test, sec | 13.5 (6.9) | −6.3 (7.2) | 12.4 (5.8) | −2.7 (7.4) | + | |||||
Laver [24] | 2012 | Time Up and Go, sec | 38.0 (18.8) | −10.1 (33.6) | 35.4 (19.1) | −6.6 (22.4) | + | |||
Modified Berg Balance Scale | 28.1 (9.6) | 4.0 (11.6) | 28.7 (9.8) | 1.6 (13.2) | + | |||||
Short Physical Performance Battery | 4.0 (2.9) | −0.7 (4.0) | 3.4 (2.4) | −0.2 (3.6) | – | |||||
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, sec | 181.0 (110.0) | 24.1 (149.1) | 141.5 (77.1) | 48.1 (120.7) | – | |||||
Functional Independence Measure | 100.5 (16.7) | 8.2 (23.0) | 93.9 (21.3) | 14.8 (26.1) | – | |||||
Activities-patient tailored Balance Confidence scale | 41.1 (18.0) | 0.6 (25.9) | 41.8 (20.2) | 4.5 (27.7) | – | |||||
Maggioni [37] | 2009 | Maximal Voluntary Contraction | NG | KT 3.4 (7.0) | ES 7.8 (5.9) | KT + ES 10.5 (7.3) | NG | −0.3 (6.8) | -* | |
30°/BW quadriceps, N/kg, % of A Maximal Voluntary Contraction | NG | 8.2 (6.7) | 25.8 (11.3) | 16.3 (5.2) | NG | 4.9 (5.9) | -* | |||
60°/BW quadriceps, N/kg, % of A Maximal Voluntary Contraction, finger flexur. N/kg, % of A | NG | 2.7 (3.0) | 4.0 (11.1) | 7.9 (6.1) | NG | −0.5 (3.0) | -* | |||
6-min Walk Test, m, % of A | NG | 14.9 (6.5) | 14.0 (4.6) | 9.6 (4.3) | NG | 8.1 (4.0) | -* | |||
Balance, Tinetti test, % of A | NG | 11.3 (4.6) | 9.4 (3.7) | 11.3 (3.0) | NG | 2.0 (4.6) | -* | |||
Gait, Tinetti test, % of A | NG | 8.2 (4.2) | 9.8 (6.9) | 0.8 (3.3) | NG | 0.9 (3.2) | -* | |||
de Morton [19] | 2007 | Time Up and Go, sec | 35 (30) | −10 (19) | 30 (28) | −5 (10) | – | |||
Barthel Index | 66 (26) | 12 (16) | 68 (26) | 10 (14) | – | |||||
Functional Ambulation Categories | 4.0 (1.5) | 0.7 (1.0) | 3.9 (1.6) | 0.8 (1.3) | – | |||||
Oesch [28] | 2017 | Objective dynamic balance | 1.4 (0.2) | −0.0 (95% CI -0.1, 0.1) | 1.4 (0.2) | 0.0 (95% CI -0.0, 0.1) | – | |||
Parsons [16] | 2016 | Physiological Profile Assessment Score, Quadriceps strength, kg | 28.4 (15.5) | 2.6 | 29.52 (19.1) | 2.0 | – | |||
Functional Independence Measure | 91.7 (14.6) | 12.0 | 93.2 (13.2) | 19.7 | + | |||||
Raymond [26] | 2017 | Elderly Mobility Scale, median, IQR | 11 (7.0, 15) | 5 | 11 (8.0, 15) | 5 | – | |||
Berg Balance Scale, median, IQR | 30 (20, 4) | 8 | 32 (19, 38) | 6 | + | |||||
Gait speed (m/s), median, IQR | 0.4 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.1 | 0.5 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.1 | – | |||||
Time Up and Go, sec, median, IQR | 29 (20, 42) | −7 | 29 (23, 42) | −5 | – | |||||
Functional Reach Test, cm, median, IQR | 8.0 (0, 14) | 4 | 10 (1.5, 15) | 4 | – | |||||
Said [20] | 2012 | de Morton Mobility Index | 41.4 (12.9) | 9.6 (8.8) | 43.2 (16.2) | 7.2 (9.2) | – | |||
Elderly Mobility Scale, median, IQR | 15 (7, 17) | NG | NG | 12 (7,17) | NG | |||||
Time up and Go, participants | 35.5 (11.8) | NG | NG | 31.3 (12.4) | NG | |||||
Barthel Index, median, IQR | 66 (55, 76) | 85.0 (73, 95) | 68, (60, 78) | 86.5 (68, 98) | – | |||||
Tibaek [27] | 2013 | Time Up and Go, sec | 25.8 (11.8) | −6 (14.9) | 25.7 (14.6) | 4.3 (17.7) | – | |||
30s-chair stand test, n | 5.0 (3.3) | 2.5 (5.2) | 4.5 (3.8) | 2.3 (4.9) | – | |||||
10-Meter Walk Test, sec | 19.1 (7.8) | −5.4 (9.1) | 18.6 (12.2) | −4.5 (13.1) | – | |||||
Barthel Index transfer | 13.1 (3.3) | 1.8 (3.4) | 13.9 (2.1) | 0.3 (3.3) | – | |||||
Barthel Index walking | 12.0 (4.5) | 2.0 (4.9) | 12.4 (3.3) | 1.2 (5.2) | – | |||||
Barthel Index stairs | 4.2 (4.2) | 3.8 (5.4) | 5.9 (4.4) | 3.3 (4.9) | + | |||||
Modified Functional Ambulatory Categories | 11.6 (5.8) | 1.6 (9.0) | 11.3 (6.8) | 3.5 (8.7) | – | |||||
Wnuk [18] | 2016 | 6-min Walk Test, m | BW 362.3 (41.7) | FW 338.3 (70.8) | BW −39.9 (76.9) | FW −34.0 (101.6) | 324.2 (64.0) | −66.2 (88.0) | +** | |