Table 1 Demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease and matched cohorts
Characteristic | AD | Matched Cohort (no AD or dementia) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 16,494 | 49,482 | – |
Age in years, mean [SD] | 79.9 [6.1] | 79.9 [6.1] | 0.830 |
Gender, n (%) | |||
Female | 9800 (59.4) | 29,400 (59.4) | 1.000 |
Male | 6694 (40.6) | 20,082 (40.6) | |
Race/ Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
White | 13,879 (84.1) | 41,637 (84.1) | 1.000 |
Black | 1970 (11.9) | 5910 (11.9) | |
Hispanic | 317 (1.9) | 951 (1.9) | |
Other | 328 (1.9) | 984 (1.9) | |
Geographic Region, n (%) | |||
Northeast | 328 (1.9) | 1081 (2.2) | < 0.001 |
Midwest | 4080 (24.7) | 13,227 (26.7) | |
South | 10,859 (65.8) | 30,862 (62.4) | |
West | 1227 (7.4) | 4312 (8.7) | |
Plan Type, n (%) | |||
MAPD | 16,391 (99.4) | 48,923 (98.9) | < 0.001 |
Commercial | 103 (0.6) | 559 (1.1) | |
Plan Characteristics (MAPD), n (%) | |||
Low Income Subsidy Status Only | 2566 (15.5) | 4531 (9.1) | < 0.001 |
Dual Eligibility (Medicare and Medicaid) Only | 32 (0.2) | 61 (0.1) | 0.030 |
Length of Pre-index Enrollment – mean [SD] | 68.9 [19.4] | 68.9 [19.4] | 0.980 |
Estimated Household Income, n (%) | |||
< $15,000 | 3465 (21.0) | 10,748 (21.7) | 0.003 |
$15,000–$29,999 | 2589 (15.7) | 7948 (16.0) | |
$30,000–$49,999 | 3433 (20.8) | 10,467 (21.1) | |
$50,000–$99,999 | 3749 (22.7) | 12,250 (24.7) | |
> =$100,000¥ | 1084 (6.6) | 3757 (7.6) | |
Unknown | 2174 (13.2) | 4312 (8.7) | |
Census 2010 Percent Blue Collar Employed, n (%) | |||
0–14% | 2940 (17.8) | 10,086 (20.3) | < 0.001 |
15–20% | 2802 (16.9) | 9361 (18.9) | |
21–26% | 3077 (18.6) | 9765 (19.7) | |
27–33% | 3030 (18.4) | 8846 (17.8) | |
34–99% | 2471 (14.9) | 7112 (14.3) | |
Unknown | 2174 (13.2) | 4312 (8.7) | |
Census 2010 Percent White Collar Employed, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
0–48% | 3149 (19.1) | 9305 (18.8) | |
49–56% | 3167 (19.2) | 9505 (19.2) | |
57–64% | 2981 (18.1) | 9620 (19.4) | |
65–74% | 2875 (17.4) | 9406 (19.0) | |
75–99% | 2148 (13.0) | 7334 (14.8) | |
Unknown | 2174 (13.2) | 4312 (8.7) | |
Index AD diagnosing Provider, n (%) (N = 16,558) | |||
Primary Care | 5800 (35.1) | ||
Geriatrics | 526 (3.2) | ||
Neurology | 2225 (13.5) | ||
Psychiatry | 813 (4.9) | ||
Psychology | 240 (1.5) | ||
Other | 6906 (41.8) | ||
Multiple Visits to Index AD-diagnosing provider | 12,838 (77.5) | ||
Only one Visit to Index AD-diagnosing provider | 3720 (22.5) | ||
Time between first and second claim with AD diagnosis | Average: 92 days SD: 125 Median: 34 days | ||