Table 2 Descriptive Statistics (n = 6771)
Continuous Resilience Index Items | Range | Mean | Standard Deviation |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary Performance Score | 0 to 12 | 7.03 | 2.87 |
OARS ADL Scale | 4 to 14 | 13.52 | .91 |
OARS Instrumental ADL Scale | 7 to 14 | 13.84 | .60 |
Satisfaction with Life Scale | 0 to 35 | 28.16 | 5.85 |
CES-D Depression Scale | 0 to 28 | 5.41 | 4.51 |
Kessler Psychological Distress Scale | 10 to 48 | 14.33 | 4.47 |
MOS Social Support Total Scale | 0 to 64 | 51.15 | 11.02 |
Ordinal Resilience Index Items | Â | Frequency (%) | |
Loneliness | All of the time (5–7 days) | 164 (2.4) | |
Occasionally (3–4 days) | 651 (9.6) | ||
Some of the time (1–2 days) | 1000 (14.8) | ||
Rarely or never (<  1 day) | 4956 (73.2) | ||
Social Participation | Never | 55 (.8) | |
At least once a year | 510 (7.5) | ||
At least once a month | 2558 (37.8) | ||
At least once a week | 3362 (49.6) | ||
At least once a day | 286 (4.2) | ||
Resilience Index Variables | Range | Mean | Standard Deviation |
Functional Resilience Index | 0 to 10 | 7.09 | 2.61 |
Psychological Resilience Index | 0 to 10 | 5.19 | 2.92 |
Social Resilience Index | 0 to 10 | 6.65 | 1.88 |
Total Resilience Index | .28 to 10 | 6.31 | 1.83 |
Outcome Variables | Â | Frequency (%) | |
Emergency Department Visitation | No | 5252 (77.6) | |
Yes | 1519 (22.4) | ||
Hospital Admission - Overnight | No | 5909 (87.3) | |
Yes | 862 (12.7) | ||
Pain | None/Mild | 4901 (72.4) | |
Moderate/Severe | 1870 (27.6) | ||
Perceived Health | Fair / Poor | 755 (11.2) | |
Good / Very Good / Excellent | 6016 (88.8) | ||
Sleep Quality | Very Dissatisfied / Dissatisfied / Neutral | 2599 (38.4) | |
Very Satisfied / Satisfied | 4172 (61.6) | ||
Continuous Independent Variables | Range | Mean | Standard Deviation |
Age | 65 to 86 | 73.16 | 5.68 |
Number of Chronic Conditions | 2 to 16 | 4.03 | 1.93 |
Categorical/Ordinal Independent Variables | Â | Frequency (%) | |
Gender | Female | 3830 (56.6) | |
Male | 2941 (43.4) | ||
Education | No post-secondary degree, certificate or diploma | 2081 (30.7) | |
Trade certificate or diploma | 2101 (31.0) | ||
Bachelor’s degree | 1270 (18.8) | ||
University degree or certificate above bachelor’s | 1319 (19.5) | ||
Household Income | Less than $20,000 per year | 763 (11.2) | |
$20,000 to $49,999 | 466 (6.9) | ||
$50,000 to $99,999 | 2219 (32.8) | ||
$100,000 to $149,999 | 2956 (43.7) | ||
$150,000 and over | 367 (5.4) | ||
Marital Status | Single / Widowed / Divorced / Separated | 2304 (34.0) | |
Married / Common-law | 4467 (66.0) | ||
Region | British Columbia | 1341 (19.8) | |
Prairies | 1241 (18.3) | ||
Ontario | 1532 (22.6) | ||
Quebec | 1493 (22.1) | ||
Atlantic | 1163 (17.2) | ||