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Table 2 Muscle parameters at admission and pre- and post-hospitalization falls, stratified by sex

From: Muscle mass and muscle strength are associated with pre- and post-hospitalization falls in older male inpatients: a longitudinal cohort study

 

N

Falls, Mean (SD)

No falls, Mean (SD)

Crude

Adjusted

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Pre-hospitalization fallsa

 HGS, kg

192

23.5 (10.8)

27.9 (8.82)

0.95 (0.92, 0.98)

0.003

0.94 (0.90, 0.98)

0.003

185

14.3 (5.96)

15.6 (5.25)

0.96 (0.91, 1.01)

0.128

0.94 (0.88, 1.00)

0.062

 SMM, kg

158

28.9 (5.22)

30.4 (5.84)

0.95 (0.90, 1.01)

0.104

0.94 (0.88, 1.01)

0.074

162

22.8 (4.01)

22.3 (3.50)

1.04 (0.86, 1.13)

0.352

1.04 (0.95, 1.13)

0.393

 SMI, kg/m2

158

9.45 (1.49)

9.88 (1.45)

0.82 (0.65, 1.02)

0.076

0.80 (0.64, 1.01)

0.063

162

8.73 (1.32)

8.51 (1.17)

1.11 (0.87, 1.43)

0.399

1.10 (0.85, 1.42)

0.470

 RMM, %

158

38.9 (5.56)

39.2 (4.60)

0.99 (0.93, 1.06)

0.748

0.97 (0.90, 1.04)

0.383

162

33.2 (6.04)

34.3 (5.26)

0.97 (0.91, 1.02)

0.226

0.99 (0.92, 1.07)

0.856

Post-hospitalization fallsb

 HGS, kg

137

23.4 (9.16)

29.6 (9.90)

0.94 (0.90, 0.98)

0.004

0.93 (0.88, 0.99)

0.020

145

14.7 (5.43)

15.1 (5.56)

0.99 (0.91, 1.07)

0.746

1.02 (0.92, 1.12)

0.771

 SMM, kg

116

27.3 (3.71)

31.8 (5.61)

0.81 (0.71, 0.91)

0.001

0.80 (0.71, 0.92)

0.001

125

22.1 (4.36)

23.0 (3.75)

0.94 (0.83, 1.07)

0.320

0.92 (0.81, 1.06)

0.243

 SMI, kg/m2

116

9.08 (1.15)

10.2 (1.41)

0.53 (0.36, 0.77)

0.001

0.50 (0.33, 0.76)

0.001

125

8.39 (1.55)

8.80 (1.16)

0.75 (0.50, 1.13)

0.166

0.73 (0.48, 1.10)

0.132

 RMM, %

116

38.2 (4.70)

39.4 (5.32)

0.96 (0.88, 1.04)

0.309

0.85 (0.75, 0.96)

0.009

125

32.9 (6.51)

33.7 (5.04)

0.97 (0.89, 1.06)

0.533

0.95 (0.85, 1.07)

0.435

  1. CI Confidence Interval. HGS Hand Grip Strength. OR Odds Ratio. SD Standard Deviation. SMI Skeletal Muscle Index. SMM Skeletal Muscle Mass. RMM Relative Muscle Mass. Adjusted model adjusted for age, comorbidities, HGS for height and RMM for weight. Statistically significant results are presented in bold. aPre-hospitalization falls, yes: N = 172, no: N = 205. bPost-hospitalization falls, yes: N = 58, no: N = 224