Table 2 Characteristics of participants (n = 153)
Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
Age, years | 82 ± 7 (65–99) |
Gender: male/female, n (%) | 54/99 (35/65) |
Pre-clinical living situation: home alone/home with family or relatives/ institutionalized, n (%) | 89/58/5 (58/39/3) |
Total length of stay on the acute ward, days | 18 ± 8 (3–64) |
Time between admission and assessment, days | 3.1 ± 1.6 (0–7) |
Primary diagnosis according to ICD-10 categories | |
IX Circulatory, n (%) | 24 (16) |
X Respiratory, n (%) | 14 (9) |
XI Digestive system, n (%) | 7 (5) |
XIII Musculoskeletal, n (%) | 12 (8) |
XVIII Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified, n (%) | 18 (12) |
XIX Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes, n (%) | 52 (34) |
Other, n (%) | 26 (17) |
Potential reasons for cognitive impairment reported in the medical chart (diagnosis, symptom, medical sign; double-counts possible due to multi-morbidity) | |
None reported, n | 49 (32) |
Alzheimer’s dementia, n | 7 (5) |
Vascular dementia, n | 24 (16) |
Frontotemporal dementia, n | 1 (1) |
Dementia, not specified, n | 29 (19) |
Parkinson’s disease, n | 12 (8) |
Stroke, n | 18 (12) |
Depression, n | 32 (21) |
Delirium, n | 28 (18) |
Other (psychosis, alcohol abuse, Vitamin B6 deficiency), n | 8 (5) |
In-hospital walking aid | |
Wheeled-walker/rollator, n (%) | 60 (39) |
None, n (%) | 25 (16) |
Cane/single crutch, n (%) | 12 (8) |
Other, n (%) | 4 (3) |
Non-ambulatory (wheelchair), n (%) | 52 (34) |
Ambulation | |
Independent walkers (FAC ≥4), n (%) | 53 (35) |
Not ambulatory or dependent walkers (FAC ≤3), n (%) | 100 (65) |
Barthel Index, 0–100 points | |
Valid/missing, n (%) | 148/5 (97/3) |
Mean score, points (n = 148) | 46 ± 20 (0–90) |
Mini Mental State Examination, 0–30 points, n = 153 | |
Severe cognitive impairment, 0–9 points, n (%) | 1 (1) |
Moderate cognitive impairment, 10–18 points, n (%) | 56 (37) |
Mild cognitive impairment, 19–24 points, n (%) | 96 (63) |
Mean score, points | 19 ± 4 (8–24) |
Median score, points | 20 (16–22) |
Mean time between MMSE and DEMMI assessment, days | 2.6 ± 1.6 |
Median time between MMSE and DEMMI assessment, days | 2 (1–4) |
Clock Drawing Test, 1–6 points | |
Unsuspicious: 1–2 points, n (%) | 9 (6) |
Suspicious: 3–6 points, n (%) | 113 (74) |
Missing/not possible, n (%) | 31 (20) |
Mean score, points (n = 122) | 4.2 ± 1.2 |
Geriatric Depression Scale short form, 0–15 points | |
Normal: 0–4 points, n (%) | 70 (46) |
Mild depressive: 5–8 points, n (%) | 43 (28) |
Moderate depressive: 9–11 points, n (%) | 15 (10) |
Severe depressive: 12–15 points, n (%) | 7 (5) |
Missing/not possible, n (%) | 3/15 (2/10) |
Mean score, points (n = 135) | 5 ± 3 (0–13) |
DEMMI, 0–100 points, points | 38 ± 21 (0–85) |