Table 2 Likelihood of having low health literacy per one standard deviation better cognitive functioning among older adults, in odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals)

 Memory (n = 944)

0.58***

(0.48–0.71)

0.69***

(0.56–0.85)

 Information processing speed (n = 947)

0.50***

(0.40–0.63)

0.66***

(0.52–0.84)

 Mental flexibility (n = 942)

0.56***

(0.46–0.68)

0.67***

(0.54–0.83)

 Global cognitive functioning (n = 932)

0.38***

(0.29–0.50)

0.51***

(0.38–0.69)

 Past memory (n = 732)

0.55***

(0.43–0.71)

0.71*

(0.54–0.93)

 Past information processing speed (n = 734)

0.49***

(0.37–0.66)

0.71*

(0.51–0.97)

 Past mental flexibility (n = 733)

0.56***

(0.43–0.73)

0.75*

(0.56–1.00)

 Past global cognitive functioning (n = 729)

0.34***

(0.25–0.48)

0.51***

(0.35–0.75)