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Table 2 Multivariate Logistic Analysis of Correlates of Non-Adherence to Drug Regimens (N = 400)

From: Non-adherence to medication regimens among older African-American adults

Independent variables

Non-Adherence with dosage regimen

OR (95% CI)

Model 1

Non-Adherence with dosage regimen

OR (95% CI)

Model 2

Taking less - skip or forget

OR (95% CI)

Model 3

Taking less - skip or forget

OR (95% CI)

Model 4

Gender

 Female

1

1

1

1

 Male

1.16 (0.68–1.98)

1.21 (0.71–2.07)

1.59 (0.99–2.55)

1.53 (0.95–2.46)

Age

  ≥ 75

1

1

1

1

 65–74

0.69 (0.41–1.16)

0.71 (0.43–1.19)

0.79 (0.51–1.23)

0.78 (0.50–1.21)

Education

 No high school diploma

1

1

1

1

 High school diploma

0.72 (0.39–1.32)

0.73 (0.40–1.41)

0.85 (0.51–1.43)

0.92 (0.55–1.54)

Co-payment for RX

 No

1

1

1

1

 Yes

2.94 (1.59–5.26) a

2.86 (1.54–5.26) a

1.19 (0.69–2.04)

1.11 (0.65–1.89)

Memory Deficit

 Not Noticeable

1

1

1

1

 Mild to Moderate

1.27 (0.60–2.63)

1.27 (0.60–2.70)

0.87 (0.36–1.32)

0.68 (0.36–1.32)

 Severe

2.5 (1.18–5.26) b

2.63 (1.25–5.56) a

0.88 (0.46–1.69)

0.88 (0.46–1.69)

Medication Knowledge

 Factor 1 (Dosage/Purpose)

6.76 (4.24–10.8) a

7.35 (4.53–11.9) a

0.93 (0.74–1.16)

0.93 (0.73–1.17)

 Factor 2 (Side Effects/Other Instructions)

1.33 (0.99–1.78)

1.49 (1.09–2.05) b

1.28 (1.02–1.62) c

1.29 (1.03–1.64) c

Medication Duplication

 No

1

1

1

1

 Yes

1.25 (0.71–2.17)

0.97 (0.58–1.64)

1.08 (0.66–1.72)

0.87 (0.56–1.37)

PIM

 None

1

1

1

1

 At Least One

1.23 (0.70–2.32)

1.19 (0.67–2.08)

0.76 (0.47–1.23)

0.76 (0.92–1.25)

Medication Regimen Complexity Index

  < 10

1

NA

1

NA

  ≥ 10

2.02 (1.10–3.90) c

-

2.43 (1.31–4.50) b

-

Polypharmacy

 0–4

NA

1

NA

1

  ≥ 5

-

1.09 (0.60–1.97)

-

1.66 (0.99–2.80)

-2 Log Likelihood

391.2

395.5

491.9

491.6

Nagelkerke R-Square

0.438

0.428

0.11

0.10

% of correctly predicted outcome

77%

76%

66%

66%

  1. Notes: a indicates P-value <001; b indicates P-value < .01; c indicates P-value < .05
  2. RX = Prescription medication
  3. PIM = Potentially Inappropriate medication