Impact of a lay-led home-based intervention programme on quality of life in community-dwelling pre-frail and frail older adults: a randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Changes in independent variables explaining changes in several QoL domains

Variables	Change in overall QoL^a	Change in social relationship^a	Change in social participation^a	Change in past, present and future activities^a
	Standardised ß (95% CI)	Standardised ß (95% CI)	Standardised ß (95% CI)	Standardised ß (95% CI)
PTN group	0.10 (−2.90 to 8.58)	−0.04 (−9.41 to 6.96)	0.01 (−5.13 to 5.63)	0.28 (0.88 to 7.95)^*
Maximum handgrip strength^b	0.38 (0.48 to 1.80)^**	0.29 (0.19 to 2.01)^*	−0.02 (−0.65 to 0.58)	0.13 (−0.17 to 0.63)
SPPB score^b	0.23 (0.59 to 2.35)^*	0.03 (−1.82 to 2.23)	−0.81 (−1.84 to 0.92)	0.25 (0.27 to 1.58)^*
PASE score^b	0.05 (−0.08 to 0.15)	0.31 (0.04 to 0.38)^*	0.19 (−0.02 to 0.20)^*	−0.12 (−0.12 to 0.04)
MNA®-LF score^b	0.13 (−0.03 to 1.36)	−0.04(−1.5 to 0.79)	0.32 (0.26 to 1.82)*	−0.29 (−1.19 to −0.17)*

Note: Multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for sex and age; PTN physical training and nutritional intervention, SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, PASE Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, MNA®-LF Mini Nutritional Assessment Long-Form, 95% CI 95% confidence interval
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.001
^aDependent variables (differences of post-test minus pre-test); ^bIndependent variables were mean changes in baseline variables (differences of post-test scores minus pre-test scores)

ISSN: 1471-2318