High risk of malnutrition is associated with low muscle mass in older hospitalized patients - a prospective cohort study

Table 2 Hand grip strength and muscle mass parameters dependent on the risk of malnutrition

			Risk of malnutrition		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
			Low	High	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
			n = 244	n = 130
HGS, kg	♂	191	27.1 (10.3)	24.3 (8.91)	0.98	0.95–1.01	0.98	0.95–1.01	NA
	♀	183	15.1 (5.75)	14.8 (5.35)	0.98	0.95–1.01	0.98	0.95–1.01	NA
SMM, kg		317	26.8 (6.12)	25.1 (5.55)	0.92	0.87–0.97	0.92	0.86–0.97	0.90	0.85–0.96
ALM, kg		317	20.6 (5.29)	19.4 (5.78)	0.94	0.89–0.99	0.94	0.88–0.99	0.89	0.83–0.96
FFM, kg		317	49.9 (10.5)	47.2 (9.61)	0.96	0.93–0.99	0.95	0.92–0.99	0.95	0.92–0.98
SMI, kg/m²	♂	157	10.1 (1.39)	9.13 (1.43)	0.69	0.57–0.83	0.68	0.56–0.83	NA
	♀	160	8.79 (1.24)	8.41 (1.24)	0.69	0.57–0.83	0.68	0.56–0.83	NA
Relative SMM, %		317	36.1 (5.81)	37.0 (6.25)	1.03	0.99–1.07	1.03	0.98–1.07	0.98	0.93–1.04
Relative ALM, %		317	27.6 (4.74)	28.6 (7.37)	1.03	0.99–1.09	1.03	0.99–1.08	1.01	0.96–1.06
Relative FFM, %		317	67.5 (10.4)	69.9 (11.5)	1.02	1.00–1.05	1.02	1.00–1.05	1.00	0.97–1.03

All variables are presented as mean (sd)
HGS Hand Grip Strength. SMM Skeletal Muscle Mass. ALM Appendicular Lean Mass. FFM Fat Free Mass. SMI Skeletal Muscle Index. NA Not Applicable. Model 1 adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 as 1 and comorbidities. Model 3 as 1 and absolute muscle parameters (SMM, ALM, FFM) for corresponding relative muscle parameter at admission, relative muscle parameters for weight at admission

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