The efficacy of treadmill training with and without projected visual context for improving walking ability and reducing fall incidence and fear of falling in older adults with fall-related hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial

van Ooijen, Mariëlle W.; Roerdink, Melvyn; Trekop, Marga; Janssen, Thomas W. J.; Beek, Peter J.

doi:10.1186/s12877-016-0388-x

Table 5 Fear of falling and general health

From: The efficacy of treadmill training with and without projected visual context for improving walking ability and reducing fall incidence and fear of falling in older adults with fall-related hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial

Outcome (n: AT, CT, UPT)	INTERVENTION			Difference among groups		Mixed RM ANOVA T0, T1, T2
	AT	CT	UPT	P value	Effect size (η_p²)	Time effect	Group effect	Time × Group
FES-I (20–80)
T0 (19,17,21)	44.68 ± 12.32	44.71 ± 13.00	46.52 ± 14.78	0.885^a	0.005	F (1.6)=4.001 p=0.031 η_p²=0.077	F (2)=0.562 p=0.574 η_p²=0.023	F (3.2)=1.424 p=0.241 η_p²=0.056
T1 (19,17,21)	44.16 ± 15.86	36.24 ± 13.70	39.95 ± 15.06	0.212^b	0.057
T2 (17,17,17)	41.94 ± 14.29	37.94 ± 14.37	39.24 ± 17.20	0.681^b	0.016
T3 (8,12,14)	31.63 ± 15.73	28.58 ± 5.92	27.50 ± 6.53	0.500^b	0.045
VAS (0–100)
T0 (19,17,21)	61.89 ± 18.23	67.85 ± 18.88	60.57 ± 20.94	0.491^a	0.026	F (1.6)=21.945 p<0.001 η_p²=0.314	F (2)=0.968 p=0.387 η_p²=0.039	F (3.2)=0.272 p=0.859 η_p²=0.011
T1 (18,17,21)	80.83 ± 16.02	80.62 ± 15.88	76.29 ± 16.39	0.661^b	0.016
T2 (17,17,17)	80.82 ± 18.40	80.94 ± 14.81	76.26 ± 16.46	0.805^b	0.009
T3 (8,12,13)	78.13 ± 17.31	82.88 ± 11.39	77.65 ± 12.24	0.675^b	0.027
HOOS-Q (0–100)
T2 (17,17,17)	54.78 ± 30.10	57.35 ± 23.41	50.37 ± 20.78	0.715^a	0.014	n: 8, 12, 12 F (1)=19.876 p<0.001 η_p²=0.407	n: 8, 12, 12 F (2)=0.642 p=0.534 η_p²=0.042	n: 8, 12, 12 F (2)=1.840 p=0.177 η_p²=0.113
T3 (8,12,14)	76.56 ± 23.80	70.31 ± 23.10	78.57 ± 19.26	0.619^a	0.030	n: 8, 12, 12 F (1)=19.876 p<0.001 η_p²=0.407	n: 8, 12, 12 F (2)=0.642 p=0.534 η_p²=0.042	n: 8, 12, 12 F (2)=1.840 p=0.177 η_p²=0.113
TMTa (s)
T0 (19, 17, 21)	98.0 (41.0–262.0)	100.0 (47.2–164.0)	86.0 (27.0–300.0)	0.870^c	-	F (1.6)=6.38 p=0.005 η_p²=0.120	F (2)=0.081 p=0.922 η_p²=0.003	F (3.1)=2.296 p=0.083 η_p²=0.089
T1 (19, 17, 21)	88.8 ± 42.1	83.4 ± 38.2	86.3 ± 58.6	0.614^b	0.018
T2 (16, 17, 17)	78.8 ± 39.2	97.8 ± 71.1	74.2 ± 49.3	0.117^b	0.089
T3 (8, 12, 14)	56.8 ± 14.9	80.9 ± 40.9	84.1 ± 40.5	0.615^b	0.032
TMTb (s)
T0 (18, 17, 21)	205.0 (100.0–300.0)	252.0 (82.6–300.0)	232.0 (80.0–300.0)	0.747^c	-	F (2)=3.564 p=0.032 η_p²=0.072	F (2)=0.251 p=0.779 η_p²=0.011	F (4)=0.266 p=0.899 η_p²=0.011
T1 (18, 17, 21)	217.4 ± 87.9	211.9 ± 78.4	200.6 ± 88.0	0.479^b	0.028
T2 (15, 17, 17)	198.1 ± 90.0	207.0 ± 82.8	191.5 ± 96.2	0.731^b	0.014
T3 (7, 12, 14)	200.6 ± 78.2	202.8 ± 90.7	207.3 ± 94.8	0.246^b	0.092

Measures related to fear of falling and general health in the adaptability treadmill (AT) group, conventional treadmill (CT) group and usual physical therapy (UPT) group at baseline (T0), directly after (T1), four weeks after (T2) and 12 months (T3) after the intervention
P values for group differences were obtained using
^aOne-Way ANOVA
^bANCOVA with baseline performance as covariate
^cKruskal-Wallis test

Back to article page

ISSN: 1471-2318

Contact us

Submission enquiries: bmcgeriatrics@biomedcentral.com
General enquiries: ORSupport@springernature.com

BMC Geriatrics

Contact us