Unravelling the potential mechanisms behind hospitalization-associated disability in older patients; the Hospital-Associated Disability and impact on daily Life (Hospital-ADL) cohort study protocol

Reichardt, Lucienne A.; Aarden, Jesse J.; van Seben, Rosanne; van der Schaaf, Marike; Engelbert, Raoul H. H.; Bosch, Jos A.; Buurman, Bianca M.

doi:10.1186/s12877-016-0232-3

Table 2 Summary of outcome measures and time points of assessment in Hospital-ADL study

From: Unravelling the potential mechanisms behind hospitalization-associated disability in older patients; the Hospital-Associated Disability and impact on daily Life (Hospital-ADL) cohort study protocol

	Question or instrument	H₁	H₂	H₃	P₁	P₂	P₃
1. Medical & demographical data
Age	Date of birth	×*
Gender		×
Postal code		×
Date and time of admission		×*
Education	(In accordance with Verhage, 1966 [57])	×
Ethnicity	Country of birth patient and parents	×
Marital status [18]		×
Living arrangement [18, 19]		×			×		×
Medical comorbidity	CCI [21]	×*
Severity of acute illness	MEWS [22]	×*	×*	×*
Admission diagnosis		×*
2. Personal interviews/self-report data
2.1 Cognitive functioning
Cognitive impairment	MMSE [23]	×		×	×		×
Delirium	CAM [24, 58]	×
	Assessing whether: 1] the patient needs help with self-care; 2] the patient has previously undergone a delirium and; 3] the patient has a cognitive impairment [25]	×*
2.2 Behavioral & psychosocial functioning
Fear of falling	NRS fear of falling	×	×	×	×	×	×
Anxiety	STAI-6 [31]	×		×	×	×	×
Apathy	GDS-15 [29]	×		×	×	×	×
General self-efficacy	ALCOS-12 [34]			×	×	×
Quality of life	1] In general, how is your quality of life?; 2] How would you grade your life at this moment, with a range between 0 and 10? and; 3] Compared to one year ago, how would you rate your health in general now? [18]	×		×	×	×	×
	EQ-5D [20]	×		×	×	×	×
2.3 ADL/Physical functioning
Disability in ADLs	Modified Katz Index Scale [16, 17]	×		×	×	×	×
Independency in walking	FAC [42]	×	×	×	×	×	×
Mobility	Could you walk outside for 5 minutes two weeks before admission/currently? And how often did/do you do physical activity two weeks before admission/currently? [19]	×		×	×	×	×
Falls	Have you fallen once or more in the past (six) month(s)? If yes, how many times? [25]	×		×	×	×	×
Pain	NRS pain [35]	×	×	×	×	×	×
Fatigue	NRS fatigue [37]	×	×	×	×	×	×
Impact of fatigue	MFIS-5 [38]				×	×	×
Sleep quality	PSQI [39]	×		×	×	×	×
Sleep medication	PSQI [39]	×		×	×	×	×
Daytime sleepiness	Do you currently suffer from daytime sleepiness? If yes, does this affect your daily living?	×	×	×	×	×	×
Polynocturia	Do you currently suffer from polynocturia? If yes, does this affect your daily living?	×	×	×	×	×	×
Dizziness	Do you currently suffer from dizziness? If yes, does this affect your daily living?	×	×	×	×	×	×
Shortness of breath	Do you currently suffer from shortness of breath? If yes, does this affect your daily living?	×	×	×	××	×	×
Hearing impairment	Do you experience difficulties with hearing, despite the use of a hearing aid?	×			×		×
Vision impairment	Do you experience difficulties with your vision, despite the use of glasses?	×			×		×
Nutrition	SNAQ [25, 41]	×		×	×	×	×
Dependency	Do you smoke? Do you use alcohol [19]?	×			×		×
Polypharmacy	Do you use five or more different medications [19]?	×			×		×
2.4 Health care utilization
Readmission	Have you been hospitalized in the last (six) month(s)? If yes, for how many days? [18]	×*			×	×	×
Nursing home admission	Have you had a nursing home admission in the last month? If yes, for how many weeks totally? [18]				×	×	×
Consult physiotherapist and/or occupational therapist	Have you had a consultation with your physiotherapist and/or occupational therapist in the last month? If yes, how many times?				×	×	×
Consult general practitioner	Have you had a consultation with your general practitioner in the last month? If yes, in the evening, night or weekend and how many times totally? [19]				×	×	×
Home care	Do you use home care? If yes, care assistance and/or domestic help and how many hours per week [19]				×	×	×
3. Physical performance tests
Handgrip strength	Jamar® [59–61]	×	×	×	×		×
Mobility	DEMMI [45]	×	×	×	×		×
Agility	CSR [47]	×	×	×	×		×
Balance, strength, and gait	SPPB [46]	×	×	×	×		×
Walking distance	2MWT [49]	×	×	×	×		×
Body composition	BIA (Bodystat Quadscan 4000) [50]	×	×	×	×		×
Activity tracker	Fitbit Flex [51]	×	×	×	×		×
	Question or instrument	H₁	H₂/H₃		P₁	P₂	P₃
4. Blood parameters
Inflammation markers	CRP [52]	×	×
	WBC diff	×	×
	TNF-α [53–55]	×	×
	IL-6 [53–55]	×	×
	IL-8 [55]	×	×
Mortality	Date of death						×*

Note: H₁ = within 48 h after admission; H₂ = during hospitalization on Monday, Wednesday, and/or Friday; H₃ = at discharge; P₁ = one month post-discharge (home visit); P₂ = two months post-discharge (by telephone); P₃ = three months post-discharge (home visit);
×* = Data will be obtained from medical record;
CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, MEWS Modified Early Warning Score, MMSE Mini Mental State Examination, CAM Confusion Assessment Method, NRS Numeric Rating Scale, STAI-6 State Trait Anxiety Inventory-6, GDS-15 Geriatric Depression Scale-15, ALCOS-12 Algemene Competentie Schaal-12 (General Self-Efficacy Scale), EQ-5D EuroQol-5D, FAC Functional Ambulation Categories, MFIS-5 Modified Fatigue Impact Scale-5, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, SNAQ Short Nutritional Assessment, DEMMI De Morton Mobility Index, CSR Chair Sit and Reach test, SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, 2MWT 2 Minute Walking Test, BIA Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, CRP C-Reactive Protein, WBC diff White Blood Cell Differential, TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, IL-6 Interleukin-6, IL-8 Interleukin-8

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