Table 2 Relationships between obesity and regional adipose deposition with cognitive impairment in a study of British men aged 71–92 years in 2010–12
|  | Normal cognitive ageing (n = 801, 51 %) | Mild cognitive impairment (n = 636, 41 %) | Severe cognitive impairment (n = 133, 8 %) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometric characteristics | ||||
  Waist Circumference | ||||
    High Waist Circumference (>102 cm), n(%) | 288 (36 %) | 259 (41 %) | 69 (52 %) | .001 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 1.23 (1.00–1.53) | 1.98 (1.36–2.87)‡ |  |
  Waist-Hip Ratio | ||||
    Top Quintile (> = 1.00), n(%) | 151 (19 %) | 126 (21 %) | 27 (22 %) | .75 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.83–1.42) | 1.19 (0.75–1.89) |  |
  MAMC | ||||
    Bottom Quintile (<=22.09 cm), n(%) | 169 (21 %) | 125 (20 %) | 19 (14 %) | 0.20 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.69–1.16) | 0.57 (0.34–0.97)†|  |
  BMI | ||||
    Obese (>30 kg/m2), n(%) | 137 (17 %) | 124 (20 %) | 44 (34 %) | <.001 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 1.19 (0.91–1.57) | 2.59 (1.72–3.91)‡ |  |
BIA-assessed regional and total adiposity measures | ||||
  Central FM | ||||
    Top Quintile (> = 6.3 kg/m2), n(%) | 135 (18 %) | 112 (20 %) | 37 (33 %) | .001 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.84–1.48) | 2.24 (1.45–3.47)‡ |  |
  Peripheral FM | ||||
    Top Quintile (> = 3.4 kg/m2), n(%) | 132 (18 %) | 110 (19 %) | 42 (38 %) | <.001 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 1.13 (0.85–1.50) | 2.93 (1.90–4.50)‡ |  |
  Visceral fat level | ||||
    Top Quintile (> = 6.9), n(%) | 109 (16 %) | 114 (22 %) | 37 (35 %) | <.001 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 1.45 (1.08–1.95)†| 2.77 (1.76–4.36)‡ |  |
  Total FM | ||||
    Top Quintile (> = 9.7 kg/m2), n(%) | 131 (18 %) | 113 (20 %) | 40 (35 %) | <.001 |
    Relative Risk Ratio (95 % CI) | 1.00 | 1.18 (0.89–1.55) | 2.62 (1.71–4.04)‡ |  |