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Table 2 Hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) of hip fracture in men and women aged 67--77 years according to self‐perceived memory loss and adjusted for covariates. A NOREPOS study.

From: Self-perceived memory loss is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in the elderly: a population-based NOREPOS cohort study

Self‐perceived memory loss

Number (n)

Hip fracture n (%)

HR (CI 95 %) Model (a)

HR (CI 95 %) Model (b)

HR (CI 95 %) Model (c)

HR (CI 95 %) Model (d)

Question 1: Do you forget things you have just heard or read?

Men

      

 No

5369

184 (3.4 %)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

 Yes

1785

103 (5.8 %)

1.68 (1.32--2.14)

1.57 (1.23--2.00)

1.56 (1.22--2.00)

1.52 (1.19--1.95)

Women

      

 No

1727

137 (7.9 %)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

 Yes

737

100 (13.6 %)

1.77 (1.37--2.29)

1.68 (1.30--2.18)

1.62 (1.25--2.11)

1.60 (1.23--2.07)

Question 2: Do you forget where you have put things?

Men

      

 No

4066

153 (3.8 %)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

 Yes

3088

134 (4.3 %)

1.12 (0.89--1.41)

1.07 (0.84--1.35)

1.06 (0.84--1.34)

1.06 (0.84--1.34)

Women

      

 No

1174

83 (7.1 %)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

 Yes

1288

154 (12.0 %)

1.75 (1.34--2.29)

1.67 (1.27--2.18)

1.61 (1.23--2.11)

1.58 (1.20--2.07)

Question 1+2

      

Men

      

 No to both questions

3727

131 (3.5 %)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

 Yes to both questions

1446

81 (5.6 %)

1.56 (1.19--2.06)

1.44 (1.09--1.91)

1.43 (1.08--1.90)

1.41 (1.06--1.88)

Women

      

 No to both questions

1073

75 (7.0 %)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

 Yes to both questions

636

92 (14.5 %)

2.17 (1.60--2.94)

2.04 (1.50--2.76)

1.95 (1.43--2.66)

1.90 (1.39--2.60)

  1. (a) Adjusted for age
  2. (b) Adjusted for (a) and self--‐perceived health
  3. (c) Adjusted for (b) and, use of antidepressants, use of anxiolytics and use of sleeping pills
  4. (d) Adjusted for (c) and BMI, smoking, physical activity, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes , blood pressure medication, lipid lowering drugs, years of education and alcohol consumption