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Table 3 Adjusted hazards ratio of fractures and falls by laxative use at baseline

From: Laxative use and incident falls, fractures and change in bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: results from the Women’s Health Initiative

 

Model 1 HR (95% CI)*

Model 1 p-value*

Model 2A HR (95% CI)**

Model 2A p-value**

Model 2B HR (95% CI)**

Model 2B p-value**

Falls (≥ 2)

Any laxative use

1.21 (1.17, 1.25)

<.0001

1.06 (1.03, 1.10)

0.0006

1.06 (1.03, 1.10)

0.0008

 

Oral stimulant containing laxative

1.15 (1.06, 1.25)

0.0009

0.98 (0.90, 1.07)

0.6162

0.97 (0.89, 1.05)

0.4450

 

Fiber containing laxative

1.15 (1.10, 1.20)

<.0001

1.06 (1.01, 1.11)

0.0147

1.05 (1.01, 1.10)

0.0272

 

Osmotic containing laxative

1.20 (0.99, 1.46)

0.0577

1.10 (0.90, 1.34)

0.3493

1.10 (0.90, 1.34)

0.3510

 

Stool softener containing laxative

1.35 (1.27, 1.44)

<.0001

1.08 (1.02, 1.15)

0.0145

1.10 (1.03, 1.17)

0.0036

 

Lubricant containing laxative

1.51 (0.91, 2.50)

0.1113

1.10 (0.63, 1.94)

0.7390

1.06 (0.60, 1.87)

0.8377

Hip fracture

Any laxative use

1.11 (0.94, 1.32)

0.2200

1.02 (0.85, 1.22)

0.8509

1.02 (0.85, 1.22)

0.8426

 

Oral stimulant containing laxative

1.62 (1.15, 2.28)

0.0062

1.31 (0.90, 1.91)

0.1556

1.32 (0.91, 1.93)

0.1444

 

Fiber containing laxative

0.92 (0.73, 1.16)

0.4907

0.86 (0.67, 1.11)

0.2514

0.87 (0.67, 1.11)

0.2552

 

Osmotic containing laxative

1.06 (0.40, 2.82)

0.9118

0.98 (0.37, 2.61)

0.9625

1.00 (0.38, 2.68)

0.9942

 

Stool softener containing laxative

1.46 (1.11, 1.93)

0.0070

1.26 (0.94, 1.69)

0.1203

1.26 (0.94, 1.69)

0.1273

 

Lubricant containing laxative

NA***

     

Total fracture

Any laxative use

1.07 (1.01, 1.13)

0.0137

1.01 (0.96, 1.07)

0.6237

1.02 (0.96, 1.07)

0.5511

 

Oral stimulant containing laxative

1.13 (0.99, 1.27)

0.0606

1.04 (0.92, 1.18)

0.5391

1.04 (0.91, 1.18)

0.5725

 

Fiber containing laxative

0.99 (0.92, 1.06)

0.6831

0.97 (0.90, 1.04)

0.4089

0.97 (0.90, 1.04)

0.4004

 

Osmotic containing laxative

1.15 (0.87, 1.53)

0.3263

1.10 (0.82, 1.47)

0.5285

1.12 (0.84, 1.49)

0.4517

 

Stool softener containing laxative

1.20 (1.09, 1.31)

0.0002

1.05 (0.95, 1.16)

0.3285

1.06 (0.96, 1.17)

0.2331

 

Lubricant containing laxative

1.29 (0.58, 2.88)

0.5267

1.29 (0.58, 2.87)

0.5322

1.26 (0.57, 2.81)

0.5665

  1. * Adjusted for age, ethnicity, and WHI clinical trial indicators.
  2. ** Adjusted for age, ethnicity, BMI, WHI clinical trial indicators, smoking status, physical activity, self-reported health, treated diabetes, history of fracture after age 55, corticosteroid use, physical function score, number of chronic medical conditions (including treated diabetes mellitus, stroke, any cancer, CVD, arthritis, hypertension, and emphysema), number of psychoactive drugs (including antipsychotic, antiepileptic, anxiolytic, hypnotic and antidepressant drug use), use of HRT, and bisphosphonate use, and in Model 2B history of falls (≥2).
  3. *** No hip fractures occurred in this group.
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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