Table 4 Association of demographic and socioeconomic factors with the presence and the number of chronic conditions; age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) from binary logistic regression
Variable | Presence of chronic conditions* | Multimorbidity† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | |
Sex: | <0.001 | |||
Men | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.001 | |
Women | 1.85 (1.39–2.45) | 1.40 (1.15–1.71) | ||
Age-group: | <0.001 (2) ‡ | <0.001 (2) | ||
65–74 | 1.00 (reference) | - | 1.00 (reference) | - |
75–84 | 2.41 (1.75–3.31) | <0.001 | 1.52 (1.19–1.93) | 0.001 |
≥85 | 3.22 (2.26–4.60) | <0.001 | 1.94 (1.51–2.49) | <0.001 |
Residence: | ||||
Rural | 1.00 (reference) | 0.462 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.866 |
Urban | 1.11 (0.84–1.46) | 1.02 (0.83–1.24) | ||
Educational level: | 0.002 (2) | 0.005 (2) | ||
≥9 years | 1.00 (reference) | - | 1.00 (reference) | - |
1–8 years | 1.77 (1.21–2.59) | 0.004 | 1.37 (0.96–1.94) | 0.081 |
0 years | 2.06 (1.35–3.16) | 0.001 | 1.67 (1.16–2.38) | 0.005 |
Self-perceived poverty: | ||||
Not poor | 1.00 (reference) | <0.001 | 1.00 (reference) | <0.001 |
Poor | 2.24 (1.68–3.00) | 1.56 (1.28–1.91) | ||
Access to medical care: | ||||
Able | 1.00 (reference) | <0.001 | 1.00 (reference) | <0.001 |
Unable | 4.02 (2.84–5.69) | 1.94 (1.58–2.37) | ||