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Table 2 Baseline characteristics for ACCES - AL cohort

From: Operationalizing frailty among older residents of assisted living facilities

 

All baseline (n = 1,089)1

Missing data (n = 161)2

Complete, linked data (n = 928)

Age, mean ± SD

84.9 ± 7.3

85.0 ± 7.3

84.9 ± 7.3

Female, n (%)

835 (76.7)

134 (83.2)

701 (75.5)

Charlson co-morbidity index, mean ± SD

1.8 ± 2.01

1.8 ± 2.02

1.8 ± 2.0

interRAI-AL co-morbidity count

4.5 ± 1.9

4.4 ± 1.9

4.5 ± 1.9

Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS)

   

Intact/borderline intact (score 0-1)

437 (40.1)

38 (23.6)

399 (43.0)

Mild impairment (score 2)

342 (31.4)

36 (22.4)

306 (33.0)

Moderate impairment (score 3-4)

193 (17.7)

42 (26.1)

151 (16.3)

Severe/very severe impairment (score 5-6)

117 (10.7)

45 (27.9)

72 (7.8)

Depressive symptoms (DRS 3+)

209 (19.2)

50 (31.1)

159 (17.1)

Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale

Independent (score = 0)

458 (42.1)

31 (19.3)

427 (46.0)

Supervision required (score = 1)

189 (17.4)

29 (18.0)

160 (17.2)

Limited impairment (score = 2)

134 (12.3)

28 (17.4)

106 (11.4)

Extensive assistance required (score = 3-4)

247 (22.7)

52 (32.3)

195 (21.0)

Dependent (score = 5-6)

61 (5.6)

21 (13.0)

40 (4.3)

Frailty criteria3, n (%)

   

• Slow gait - absolute

695 (70.1)1

56 (87.5)2

639 (68.9)

• Slow gait - relative

346 (34.9)1

40 (62.5)2

306 (33.0)

• Muscle weakness - absolute

902 (88.9)1

81 (93.1)2

821 (88.5)

• Muscle weakness - relative

262 (25.9)1

33 (38.0)2

229 (24.7)

• Low physical activity - absolute

415 (38.1)

81 (50.3)

334 (36.0)

• Low physical activity - relative

403 (37.0)

74 (46.0)

329 (35.5)

• Unintentional weight loss

164 (15.1)1

27 (17.0)

137 (14.8)

• Exhaustion

391 (36.0)

56 (35.0)

335 (36.1)

Frailty: CHS-specified absolute cut-points

   

   Not frail, score = 0

  

32 (3.4)

   Pre-frail

   

score = 1

  

157 (16.9)

score = 2

  

294 (31.7)

   Frail, score = 3+

  

445 (48.0)

Frailty: AL population-based relative cut-points

   Not frail, score = 0

  

238 (25.6)

   Pre-frail

   

score = 1

  

294 (31.7)

score = 2

  

218 (23.5)

   Frail, score = 3+

  

178 (19.2)

  1. ACCES = Alberta Continuing Care Epidemiological studies, AL = assisted living, SD = standard deviation, CHS = Cardiovascular Health Study.
  2. 1Denominators accounting for missing values: Charlson n = 1,067; slow gait n = 992; muscle weakness n = 1,015;
  3. weight loss n = 1,087.
  4. 2Excluded observations due to missing frailty criteria, not linking to hospital data, loss to follow-up. Denominators
  5. accounting for missing values: Charlson n = 139; slow gait n = 64; muscle weakness = 87; weight loss n = 159.
  6. 3As defined in Table 1.
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BMC Geriatrics

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