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Table 2 Activities of daily living and dialysis characteristics

From: Walking aids and complicated orthopedic diseases are risk factors for falls in hemodialysis patients: an observational study

Ā 

Non-falls (nā€‰=ā€‰496)

Falls (nā€‰=ā€‰133)

P-value

Walking situation

ā€ƒWheelchair (%)

46/496 (9.3)

46/133 (34.6)

ā€‰<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒMovement assist (%)

74/496 (14.9)

58/133 (43.6)

ā€‰<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒWalking aid (%)

58/496 (11.7)

52/133

ā€‰<ā€‰0.001

Footwear in the clinic

ā€ƒSlippers (%)

440/496 (88.7)

110/133 (82.7)

0.076

ā€ƒSandals (%)

24/496 (4.8)

10/133 (7.5)

0.278

ā€ƒShoes (%)

14/496 (2.8)

13/133 (9.8)

0.001

Character in home

ā€ƒSmoking habits (%)

51/496 (10.3)

11/133 (8.3)

0.623

ā€ƒPatientā€™s compliance (%)

71/493 (14.4)

25/133 (18.8)

0.223

ā€ƒPatientā€™s family compliance (%)

7/491 (1.4)

3/133 (2.3)

0.451

Care service

ā€ƒHome-visit rehabilitation (%)

14/496 (2.8)

14/133 (10.5)

ā€‰<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒPrimary nursing care requiement authorization (y/n)

108/496 (21.8)

72/133 (54.1)

ā€‰<ā€‰0.001

ā€ƒDay Service

13/496 (2.6)

11/133 (8.3)

0.003

ā€ƒDay Care

17/496 (3.4)

16/133 (12)

ā€‰<ā€‰0.001

Dialysis method

ā€ƒHDF (%)

93/496 (18.8)

28/133 (21.1)

0.538

ā€ƒHD (%)

315/496 (63.5)

73/133 (54.9)

0.072

ā€ƒIHDF (%)

90/496 (18.1)

33/133 (24.8)

0.109

ā€ƒDialysis time (h)

3.4 (1.3)

3.4 (1.4)

0.685

ā€ƒDialysis duration (y)

67.15 (68.11)

78.1( 82.1)

0.107

Vascular access (%)

ā€ƒLeft side of the body (%)

312/496 (62.9)

74/133 (55.6)

0.133

ā€ƒUpper body (%)

426/496 (85.9)

109/133 (82)

0.274

  1. Table 2 presents data regarding activities of daily living and dialysis characteristics. In terms of the walking situation, several in the fall group were wheelchair users (34.6% vs. 9.3%, pā€‰<ā€‰0.001), required walking assistance (43.6% vs. 14.9%, pā€‰<ā€‰0.001), and were walking-aid users (39.1% vs. 11.7%, pā€‰<ā€‰0.001). Regarding footwear, more shoe users (9.8% vs. 2%, pā€‰=ā€‰0.001) were found in the fall group. Additionally, for care service items, visiting care (8.3% vs. 2.6%, pā€‰=ā€‰0.008), outpatient rehabilitation (12.0% vs. 3.4%, pā€‰<ā€‰0.001), and home-visit rehabilitation (10.5% vs. 2.8%, pā€‰<ā€‰0.001) were more common in the fall group. HD hemodialysis, HDF hemodiafiltration, IHDF intermittent infusion hemodiafiltration; Day Service, Senior Day Care Centers where seniors can engage with one another through various activities; Day Care, Adult Day Health Care Centers where seniors can get the specialized care they need, such as physical and occupational therapy