Comorbid pain and falls among Chinese older adults: the association, healthcare utilization and the role of subjective and objective physical functioning

Table 5 The relative contributions of subjective and objective physical functioning to pain among Chinese older adults with falls (n = 887)

Variables	Model 1			Model 2
	β	95%CI	p	β	95%CI	p
Grip strength	-0.01	-0.02, 0.00	0.150	0.00	-0.01, 0.01	0.998
Walking speed	0.00	-0.04, 0.03	0.875	-0.01	-0.05, 0.02	0.439
Upper-extremity function	0.15	0.03, 0.27	0.014	0.17	0.05, 0.28	0.005
Lower-extremity function	0.29	0.22, 0.37	< 0.001	0.19	0.11, 0.26	< 0.001
Age (years)				-0.01	-0.03, 0.00	0.056
Female				0.17	-0.03, 0.38	0.101
Married				0.05	-0.17, 0.26	0.655
Upper secondary or higher education				0.04	-0.44, 0.51	0.883
Rural residency				0.40	0.22, 0.58	0.000
Had public insurance				-0.03	-0.38, 0.32	0.850
Annual income
≤ ¥1000				ref
≤ ¥6000				0.18	-0.34, 0.70	0.491
> ¥6000				-0.36	-0.81, 0.09	0.112
Comorbidities				0.07	0.01, 0.12	0.013
CESD-10				0.04	0.03, 0.06	0.000

Note. CESD-10 = the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; β = unstandardized coefficients. Sample size for Model 1 and Model 2 were 791 and 739, respectively