Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants without frailty
From: Effects of dietary diversity on frailty in Chinese older adults: a 3-year cohort study
Characteristics | N (%) | Low DDS (weighted %) | High DDS (weighted %) | X2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 1948 | 45.7 | 54.3 | Â |
Age(years) | Â | Â | Â | 21.76* |
 65–79 | 1111(57.0) | 44.3 | 55.7 |  |
  ≥ 80 | 837(43.0) | 55.7 | 44.3 |  |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | 32.78* |
 Male | 1040(53.4) | 41.3 | 58.7 |  |
 Female | 908(46.6) | 50.5 | 49.5 | |
Residential location | Â | Â | Â | 61.64* |
 Town and rural | 1550(79.6) | 48.3 | 51.7 |  |
 Urban | 398(20.4) | 30.3 | 69.7 |  |
Education | Â | Â | Â | 132.62* |
 Informal education | 863(44.3) | 58.4 | 41.6 |  |
 Formal education | 1083(55.7) | 38.9 | 61.1 |  |
Financial support | Â | Â | Â | 217.51* |
 Financial dependence | 1190(61.1) | 55.9 | 44.1 |  |
 Financial independence | 757(38.9) | 31.9 | 68.1 |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | 23.67* |
 Currently married and living with spouse | 937(48.2) | 55.6 | 44.4 |  |
 Other | 1008(51.8) | 40.6 | 59.4 |  |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | 0.36 |
 No | 1106(56.9) | 44.7 | 55.3 |  |
 Yes | 837(43.1) | 45.7 | 54.3 |  |
Drinking status | Â | Â | Â | 10.39* |
 No | 1185(61.2) | 47.9 | 52.1 |  |
 Yes | 750(38.8) | 42.7 | 57.3 |  |
Exercise status | Â | Â | Â | 71.20* |
 No | 720(37.0) | 53.7 | 46.3 |  |
 Yes | 1222(63.0) | 39.5 | 60.5 |  |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | Â | Â | Â | 197.00* |
 Underweight (< 18.5) | 330(17.1) | 70.8 | 29.2 |  |
 Normal (18.5–23.99) | 1075(55.6) | 45.8 | 54.2 |  |
 Overweight (24–27.99) | 399(20.6) | 32.0 | 68.0 |  |
 Obese (≥ 28) | 131(6.8) | 43.2 | 56.8 |  |
Chronic disease | Â | Â | Â | 7.60* |
 No | 1116(57.3) | 43.9 | 56.1 |  |
 Yes | 832(42.7) | 48.4 | 51.6 |  |