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Table 3 Estimates of the associations between cognitive status (older, cognitively healthy and older, cognitive impaired) and creativity (CRT, TCT, and AUT)

From: Creativity across the lifespan: changes with age and with dementia

 

CRT relations

CRT compandSpec

TCT-DP imp

TCT-DP score

AUT fluency

AUT score

AUT origin

β (95% Conf. Int)

p

β (95% Conf. Int)

p

β (95% Conf. Int)

p

β (95% Conf. Int)

p

β (95% Conf. Int)

p

β (95% Conf. Int)

p

β (95% Conf. Int)

p

Cognitively impaired (Ref: healthy)

-0.32 (-0.87 – 0.23)

0.250

0.34 (-1.24 – 1.93)

0.672

-0.45 (-1.27 – 0.38)

0.283

-3.06 (-7.27 – 1.16)

0.152

-2.1 (-3.37 – -0.81)

0.002

-6.00 (-9.36 – -2.65)

0.001

-2.04 (-3.25 – -0.82)

0.001

Male (Ref: Female)

0.07 (-0.40 – 0.54)

0.764

-1.43 (-2.92 – 0.05)

0.058

-0.08 (-0.80 – 0.64)

0.828

-2.26 (-5.97 – 1.44)

0.227

0.33 (-0.8 – 1.46)

0.562

0.71 (-2.25 – 3.67)

0.635

0.26 (-0.81 – 1.33)

0.629

Education 12 + years (Ref: < 12 years)

-0.03 (-1.03 – 0.98)

0.958

-

-

-0.11 (-1.53 – 1.31)

0.880

1.73 (-5.56 – 9.03)

0.636

2.09 (-0.12 – 4.29)

0.063

4.81 (-0.98 – 10.6)

0.102

1.29 (-0.82 – 3.4)

0.227

Living in partnership (Ref: solitarily)

0.25 (-0.31 – 0.80)

0.373

0.75 (-0.89 – 2.39)

0.369

0.08 (-0.71 – 0.86)

0.845

1.14 (-2.88 – 5.16)

0.573

0.08 (-1.12 – 1.29)

0.891

0.16 (-3.00 – 3.32)

0.922

0.11 (-1.04 – 1.26)

0.850

Chronic diseases (Ref: None)

 One chronic disease

0.03 (-0.55 – 0.61)

0.922

-0.66 (-2.25 – 0.92)

0.411

-0.52 (-1.37 – 0.33)

0.228

-0.84 (-5.21 – 3.53)

0.703

-0.14 (-1.47 – 1.19)

0.831

-0.52 (-4.01 – 2.97)

0.768

-0.24 (-1.50 – 1.02)

0.703

  ≥ 2 chronic diseases

0.2 (-0.53 – 0.93)

0.584

-

-

0.04 (-1.11 – 1.19)

0.950

3.38 (-2.51 – 9.27)

0.256

0.17 (-1.61 – 1.95)

0.849

0.68 (-4 – 5.35)

0.773

0.04 (-1.67 – 1.75)

0.963

 Age groups

-0.24 (-0.35 – 0.12)

 < 0.001

0.3 (-0.04 – 0.63)

0.080

0.01 (-0.16 – 0.18)

0.927

-1.27 (-2.15 – -0.38)

0.006

-0.01 (-0.27 – 0.25)

0.939

-0.00 (-0.69 – 0.69)

0.999

0.16 (-0.1 – 0.41)

0.217

  1. CRT relations Creative Reasoning Task – Relations, CRT compandspec Creative Reasoning Task – Components and Specifications, TCT—DP imp First impression mean score of the Test of Creative Thinking – Drawing Production, TCT – DP score Total score of the Test of Creative Thinking – Drawing Production, AUT fluency Mean fluency of generated number responses of the Alternate Uses Task, AUT score Mean creativity score of the Alternate Uses Task, AUT origin Statistical originality score of the Alternate Uses Task, β (95% Conf. Int) β with 95% Confidence Interval, p p – value, Ref Reference category