Table 4 Participants’ characteristics
|  | ALL (N = 36) | Intervention (n = 18) | Control (n = 18) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Participants with early-stage dementia | ||||
Age (years)^ | 82.7 (6.9) | 81.6 (8.6) | 83.8 (4.6) | .340 |
Sex | .502 | |||
 Male | 16 (44.4%) | 7 (38.9%) | 9 (37.5%) | |
 Female | 20 (55.6%) | 11 (61.1%) | 9 (37.5%) | |
Marital Status | .216 | |||
 Married/cohabiting | 24 (66.7%) | 10 (55.6%) | 14 (77.8%) | |
 Widowed | 10 (27.8%) | 6 (33.3%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
 Separated/divorced | 2 (5.6%) | 2 (11.1%) | 0 | |
Educational level | .745 | |||
 No formal education | 20 (55.6%) | 11 (61.1%) | 9 (50%) | |
 Primary school | 5 (13.9%) | 3 (16.7%) | 2 (11.1%) | |
 Secondary school | 8 (22.2%) | 3 (16.7%) | 5 (27.8%) | |
 Tertiary education or above | 3 (8.3%) | 1 (5.6%) | 2 (11.1%) | |
Living status | .003 | |||
 Living alone | 10 (27.8%) | 9 (50%) | 1 (5.5%) | |
 Living with others | 26 (72.2%) | 9 (50%) | 17 (94.4%) | |
With religious belief | .502 | |||
 Yes | 23 (63.9%) | 12 (70.6%) | 11(61.1%) | |
 No | 12 (33.3%) | 5 (29.4%) | 7 (38.9%) | |
Received government allowance | .310 | |||
 Yes | 35 (97.2%) | 17 (94.4%) | 18 (100%) | |
 No | 1 (2.8%) | 1 (5.6%) | 0 | |
Global Deterioration Scale | .019 | |||
 Stage 3 | 17 (47.2%) | 12 (66.7%) | 5 (27.8%) | |
 Stage 4 | 19 (52.8%) | 6 (33.3%) | 13 (72.2%) | |
Montreal Cognitive Assessment score^ | 14.4 (4.5) | 15.4 (4.2) | 13.6 (4.7) | .067 |
Family caregivers | ||||
Age (years)^ | 64.2 (13.3) | 59.4 (13.2%) | 68.9 (11.9%) | .030 |
Sex | .371 | |||
 Male | 6 (16.7%) | 2 (11.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
 Female | 30 (83.3%) | 16 (88.9%) | 14 (77.8%) | |
Marital Status | 1.000 | |||
 Married/cohabiting | 28 (77.8%) | 14 (77.8%) | 14 (77.8%) | |
 Single/Divorced/Widowed | 8 (22.2%) | 4 (22.2%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
Educational level | .952 | |||
 No formal education | 7 (19.4%) | 3 (16.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | |
 Primary school | 4 (11.1%) | 2 (11.1%) | 2 (11.1%) | |
 Secondary school | 20 (55.6%) | 10 (55.6%) | 10 (55.6%) | |
 Tertiary education or above | 5 (13.9%) | 3 (16.7%) | 2 (11.1%) | |
Living status | .044 | |||
 Living with the participant | 20 (55.6%) | 7 (38.9%) | 13 (72.2%) | |
 Not living with the participant | 16 (44.4%) | 11 (61.1%) | 5 (27.8%) | |
Working status | .151 | |||
 Full-time employment | 9 (25.0%) | 7 (38.9%) | 2 (11.1%) | |
 Part-time employment | 3 (8.3%) | 1 (5.6%) | 2 (11.1%) | |
 Unemployed | 24 (66.7%) | 10 (55.6%) | 14 (77.8%) | |
Relationship with the participant | .048 | |||
 Spouse | 15 (41.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | 11 (61.1%) | |
 Child | 20 (55.6%) | 13 (72.2%) | 7 (38.9%) | |
 Others | 1 (2.8%) | 1 (5.6%) | 0 | |