Whole sample (N = 95) | Groups according to cognitive status | Groups according to falls status | Groups according to walking aid status | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CHI (n = 33) | Minor NCD (n = 26) | AD (n = 36) | P-value ‡ | No falls (n = 36) | Falls (n = 59) | P-value $ | No aid (n = 81) | Walking aid (n = 14) | P-value $ | ||
Age (years) | 82.6 ± 5.8 | 80.9 ± 6.3 | 82.6 ± 5.2 | 84.1 ± 5.5 | 0.064 | 81.1 ± 6.2 | 83.5 ± 5.5 | 0.056 | 81.9 ± 5.6 | 86.8 ± 5.4 | 0.003 |
Female gender | 67 (70.5) | 21 (63.6) | 17 (58.6) | 31 (86.1) | 0.030 | 23 (63.9) | 44 (74.6) | 0.268 | 55 (67.9) | 12 (85.7) | 0.220 |
Weight (kg) | 65.6 ± 14.0 | 70.8 ± 15.1 | 65.6 ± 12.6 | 60.9 ± 12.4 | 0.029 | 67.2 ± 13.2 | 64.7 ± 14.4 | 0.380 | 65.4 ± 13.6 | 66.9 ± 16.5 | 0.785 |
Velocity (cm/s) | 81.6 ± 21.8 | 90.0 ± 24.1 | 76.5 ± 20.6 | 77.6 ± 18.4 | 0.033 | 83.0 ± 21.8 | 80.8 ± 22.0 | 0.631 | 85.2 ± 21.1 | 60.9 ± 12.9 | < 0.001 |
Walking aid | 14 (14.7) | 4 (12.1) | 6 (20.7) | 7 (19.4) | 0.622 | 2 (5.6) | 12 (20.3) | 0.049 | 0 (0) | 14 (100) | - |
Fall at least one time in the last 12 months | 59 (62.1) | 26 (78.8) | 12 (41.4) | 24 (66.7) | 0.002 | 0(0) | 59(100) | - | 47 (58.0) | 12 (85.7) | 0.049 |
MMSE (/30)* | 23.4 ± 4.9 | 27.1 ± 2.4 | 24.9 ± 2.9 | 19.2 ± 4.6 | < 0.001 | 23.3 ± 4.8 | 23.4 ± 5.1 | 0.931 | 23.7 ± 4.8 | 20.9 ± 5.3 | 0.070 |
FAB (/18)† | 14.3 ± 3.0 | 16.0 ± 2.8 | 14.6 ± 2.5 | 12.7 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 | 14.4 ± 2.8 | 14.2 ± 3.2 | 0.720 | 14.5 ± 2.9 | 12.6 ± 3.4 | 0.085 |
Mini GDS (/4) | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 0.033 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.8 | 0.905 | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 0.4 ± 0.6 | 0.870 |