Table 1 Mean life satisfaction score, and percentage distribution of older adults by their levels of life satisfaction by background characteristics, India, 2017–18
From: Living arrangement of Indian elderly: a predominant predictor of their level of life satisfaction
| Â | Mean Score of Life Satisfaction (SE) | Level of Life Satisfaction | Sample Size | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | Medium | High | N (%) | ||
Current Living Arrangement | |||||
 Living Alone | 20.6 (0.21) | 41.8 | 25.3 | 32.9 | 1563 (5.1) |
 With Spouse and/or Others | 23.7 (0.1) | 25.3 | 29.4 | 45.3 | 5918 (19.5) |
 With Spouse and Children | 24.5 (0.06) | 21.8 | 29.6 | 48.5 | 13,221 (43.5) |
 With Children and Others | 23.7 (0.08) | 25.6 | 29.1 | 45.3 | 8110 (26.7) |
 With Others Only | 21.7 (0.21) | 34.5 | 28.8 | 36.7 | 1558 (5.1) |
Individual Characteristics | |||||
 Sex | |||||
  Male | 24.1 (0.06) | 24.0 | 28.8 | 47.2 | 14,553 (47.9) |
  Female | 23.4 (0.06) | 26.5 | 29.5 | 44.0 | 15,817 (52.1) |
 Age Groups | |||||
  60–64 | 23.8 (0.08) | 25.3 | 30.1 | 44.6 | 9908 (32.6) |
  65–69 | 23.8 (0.08) | 24.9 | 28.6 | 46.4 | 8617 (28.4) |
  70–74 | 23.7 (0.1) | 25.0 | 28.9 | 46.1 | 5538 (18.2) |
  75 +  | 23.5 (0.1) | 26.4 | 28.7 | 44.9 | 6307 (20.8) |
 Years of Schooling | |||||
  No Education | 22.6 (0.06) | 29.8 | 31.4 | 38.8 | 16,224 (53.4) |
  1–4 Years | 23.8 (0.13) | 25.6 | 29.2 | 45.1 | 3670 (12.1) |
  5–9 Years | 24.8 (0.1) | 20.3 | 27.8 | 51.9 | 5837 (19.2) |
  10 + Years | 26.8 (0.12) | 13.9 | 21.8 | 64.3 | 4639 (15.3) |
 Marital Status | |||||
  Married | 24.2 (0.05) | 23.3 | 29.5 | 47.3 | 19,527 (64.3) |
  Widowed | 23.1 (0.08) | 28.5 | 28.5 | 43.0 | 10,223 (33.7) |
  Never Married/Divorced/Separated/Deserted | 21.6 (0.32) | 35.8 | 31.1 | 33.1 | 620 (2) |
 Working Status | |||||
  Not Working | 23.7 (0.05) | 25.2 | 28.8 | 46.0 | 21,271 (70) |
  Working | 23.7 (0.08) | 25.8 | 29.9 | 44.4 | 9099 (30) |
Health Indicators | |||||
 Self-Rated Health | |||||
  Moderate | 23.9 (0.06) | 23.8 | 30.7 | 45.5 | 13,194 (43.5) |
  Good | 25.4 (0.07) | 19.5 | 26.2 | 54.3 | 10,164 (33.5) |
  Poor | 21.4 (0.1) | 35.8 | 29.9 | 34.3 | 6996 (23) |
 Limitation in ADL | |||||
  No Limitation | 24.1 (0.05) | 24.4 | 28.6 | 47.1 | 24,158 (79.6) |
  1 | 23.3 (0.15) | 27.1 | 27.8 | 45.1 | 2651 (8.7) |
  2 +  | 22.2 (0.14) | 30.0 | 33.4 | 36.6 | 3556 (11.7) |
 Limitation in IADL | |||||
  No Limitation | 24.5 (0.06) | 22.6 | 28.5 | 48.9 | 17,147 (56.5) |
  1 | 24 (0.13) | 25.4 | 27.6 | 46.9 | 3355 (11.1) |
  2 +  | 22.5 (0.08) | 29.4 | 30.6 | 40.0 | 9824 (32.4) |
 No. of Chronic Diseases | |||||
  None | 23.7 (0.06) | 25.1 | 30.9 | 44.0 | 13,916 (45.9) |
  1 | 23.6 (0.08) | 26.0 | 28.2 | 45.8 | 8953 (29.5) |
  2 | 23.5 (0.11) | 25.7 | 29.7 | 44.6 | 4952 (16.3) |
  3 +  | 24.6 (0.15) | 23.6 | 21.5 | 54.9 | 2530 (8.3) |
 Depressive Symptoms | |||||
  Not Depressed | 25.7 (0.05) | 16.6 | 26.4 | 57.0 | 16,414 (54.1) |
  Depressive Symptoms | 21.6 (0.07) | 34.8 | 32.2 | 33.0 | 13,901 (45.9) |
Household Characteristics | |||||
 Residence | |||||
  Urban | 25 (0.08) | 21.2 | 25.1 | 53.7 | 10,334 (34) |
  Rural | 23.2 (0.05) | 27.1 | 30.8 | 42.2 | 20,036 (66) |
 Social Group | |||||
  Non-SC/ST/OBC | 24.9 (0.08) | 20.1 | 29.0 | 50.9 | 8944 (29.5) |
  SC | 22.5 (0.11) | 31.0 | 31.5 | 37.5 | 4965 (16.3) |
  ST | 22.9 (0.1) | 29.5 | 30.7 | 39.8 | 4970 (16.4) |
  OBC | 23.7 (0.07) | 25.5 | 27.9 | 46.6 | 11,491 (37.8) |
 Religion | |||||
  Hindu | 23.7 (0.05) | 25.5 | 28.9 | 45.6 | 22,283 (73.4) |
  Muslim | 23.8 (0.12) | 24.9 | 31.7 | 43.5 | 3582 (11.8) |
  Christian | 22.9 (0.15) | 29.4 | 26.1 | 44.5 | 3009 (9.9) |
  Others | 24.5 (0.19) | 20.8 | 29.5 | 49.7 | 1496 (4.9) |
 Economic Status | |||||
  Middle | 24.1 (0.09) | 23.8 | 29.3 | 46.9 | 6203 (20.4) |
  Poor | 23 (0.07) | 28.1 | 31.6 | 40.3 | 12,469 (41.1) |
  Rich | 24.4 (0.07) | 23.0 | 26.0 | 51.0 | 11,698 (38.5) |
 Region | |||||
  North | 23.6 (0.09) | 25.2 | 32.9 | 41.9 | 5657 (18.6) |
  West | 27.2 (0.11) | 12.2 | 19.2 | 68.6 | 4133 (13.6) |
  Central | 23.5 (0.12) | 25.0 | 33.2 | 41.8 | 4086 (13.5) |
  East | 23.1 (0.09) | 27.0 | 35.3 | 37.6 | 5601 (18.4) |
  North-east | 24.2 (0.1) | 20.2 | 34.6 | 45.2 | 3602 (11.9) |
  South | 22 (0.1) | 34.9 | 23.5 | 41.6 | 7291 (24) |
  India | 23.7 (0.04) | 25.4 | 29.1 | 45.5 | 30,370 |