Table 2 Comparison of SF12 dimensions (PCS and MCS) in variable groups

Sex

Male

38.28

t = 0.37

43.04

t = 0.10

Female

37.71

46.38

Age categories

Youngest old (60–74)

37.96

F = 0.90

45.28

F = 0.64

Old (75–84)

37.23

42.40

Oldest old (85+)

42.61

45.49

Living arrangement

Living alone

37.92

t = −0.045

41.34

t = −1.45

Not alone

38.01

45.36

Educational level

Illiterate

39.57

F = 0.934

40.96

F = 0.24

Primary/Elementary

37.65

45.72

Diploma

35.82

45.92

Higher education

39.16

46.49

Length of stay in hospital

r = −0.13

r = −0.09

Days since hospital admission

r = 0.09

r = −0.02

Condition of comorbidity

r = 0.02

r = −0.01

SpO₂

>90%

38.16

0.93

45.74

0.43

<90%

38.03

44.09

CT scan grade

S1

40.46

F = 1.05

34.88

F = 1.41

S2

46.12

38.27

S3

45.22

38.35

S4

42.51

43.13

Post-Covid-19 functional status

No limitation

37.39

F = 1.57

45.59

F = 0.80

Negligible

40.00

42.33

Slight

37.60

44.84

Moderate

38.10

47.20

Severe

32.62

48.48

Changes in shortness of breath

No

38.97

t = 2.69**

45.95

t = 2.48*

Yes

34.07

39.64

Changes in mobility/walking

No

38.32

t = 0.65

48.46

t = 6.31***

Yes

37.27

36.16

Changes in self-care

No

38.55

t = 2.27*

46.17

t = 4.65***

Yes

32.99

31.31

Changes in daily activities

No

39.72

t = 2.68**

50.69

t = 8.17***

Yes

35.79

37.01

Changes in pain

No

38.45

t = 0.81

49.71

t = 8.11***

Yes

37.18

36.60

Changes in economic status

No

39.22

t = 2.53*

45.07

t = 0.54

Yes

35.22

43.84

Cognitive communication

r = −0.44***

r = −0.23*

Fatigue

r = −0.24**

r = −0.56***

Physical activity total

r = 0.06

r = 0.34***