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Table 5 Wilcoxon signed rank test and effect size comparing change over time for groups based on diagnosis at baseline and follow-up

From: Longitudinal neuropsychological trajectories in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a population–based study

 

Remained iNPH

n = 12

Developed iNPH

n = 8

Remained Unlikely

n = 82

 

z

p

ES r

z

p

ES r

z

p

ES r

MMSE

-2.57

0.010

-0.52

-2.43

0.016

-0.61

-5.43

< 0.001

-0.42

mRS

-1.67

0.188

-0.34

-1.73

0.250

-0.43

-1.25

0.243

-0.10

iNPH Radscale

-0.79

0.410

-0.16

-2.41

0.016

-0.60

-2.88

0.004

-0.22

iNPH Total symptom

-1.02

0.170

-0.21

-2.10

0.039

-0.53

-0.59

0.560

-0.05

iNPH Domain

 Neuropsychology

-0.97

0.361

-0.20

-1.41

0.312

-0.35

-0.59

0.561

-0.05

 Gait

-2.30

0.020

-0.47

-2.20

0.031

-0.55

-0.27

0.794

-0.02

 Balance

-0.54

0.781

-0.11

-0.76

0.625

-0.19

-0.85

0.423

-0.07

 Continence

-0.27

1.000

-0.06

-0.45

1.000

-0.11

-0.16

0.990

-0.01

Memory

 RAVLT Immediate

-0.20

0.869

-0.04

-1.48

0.172

-0.37

-0.02

0.983

0.00

Executive function

 Stroop Color

-0.55

0.609

-0.11

-0.84

0.453

-0.21

-1.25

0.213

-0.10

 Stroop Interference

-0.94

0.380

-0.19

-2.39

0.016

-0.60

-0.49

0.626

-0.04

Motor function

 10-m time sec

-2.43

0.012

-0.50

-2.52

0.008

-0.63

-0.30

0.764

-0.02

 10-m steps

-1.56

0.132

-0.32

-2.39

0.016

-0.60

-3.48

< 0.001

-0.27

 GPT

-0.82

0.438

-0.17

-0.95

0.406

-0.24

-3.57

< 0.001

-0.28

  1. Descriptive statistics are available in Table 3 and 4. Significant values of p in bold
  2. ES Effect size, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, mRS Modified Rankin Scale, TUG Timed-Up-Go test, GPT Grooved Pegboard Test, RAVLT Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test