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Table 4 Follow-up descriptive statistics and Kruskal–Wallis tests for groups based on diagnosis at baseline and follow-up

From: Longitudinal neuropsychological trajectories in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a population–based study

 

Remained iNPH

Developed iNPH

Remained Unlikely

  
 

n = 12

n = 8

n = 82

  
 

Md (IQR)

Md (IQR)

Md (IQR)

H (2)

p

MMSE

27 (25–28)

27 (26–29)

27 (26–28)

0.27

0.874

mRS

2 (1–2) a

1 (0–2)

1 (0–1)

9.38

0.009

iNPH Radscale

5 (3–6) a

4 (2–5) c

2 (1–3)

21.02

< 0.001

iNPH Total symptom

71 (67–76) a

80 (63–87)

89 (80–95)

20.72

< 0.001

iNPH Domain

 Neuropsychology

71 (58–84) a

84 (59–97)

85 (73–93)

6.86

0.032

 Gait

73 (59–81) a

85 (65–92)

95 (85–100)

17.83

< 0.001

 Balance

75 (67–83) a

83 (83–96)

83 (83–100)

11.40

0.003

 Continence

60 (40–80) a

80 (45–80)

100 (75–100)

11.28

0.004

Memory

 RAVLT Immediate

27 (20–29) a

31 (23–41)

34 (27–38)

6.71

0.035

 RAVLT Delayed

3 (1–5) a

5 (3–7)

5 (4–8)

6.52

0.038

Executive function

 TMT B

140 (83–204) a

72 (56–86)

79 (60–130)

6.63

0.036

 Max DS forward

6 (4–6)

6 (5–7)

6 (5–6)

1.97

0.373

 Max DS backward

3 (2–4)

4 (4–4)

4 (3–5)

6.14

0.047

 Stroop Color

76 (67–90)

66 (62–86)

68 (60–77)

3.83

0.148

 Stroop Interference

145 (134–196)

131 (113–213)

132 (115–166)

3.45

0.178

Motor function

 10-m time sec

10 (10–11) a

10 (9–12)

9 (8–10)

14.80

< 0.001

 10-m steps

17 (16–20) a

15 (15–17)

15 (14–16)

14.03

< 0.001

 GPT sec

101 (84–132) a

97 (70–119)

86 (72–100)

6.22

0.045

 TMT A

35 (29–43)

28 (23–35)

29 (23–36)

3.92

0.141

  1. Significant values of p in bold
  2. Md Median, IQR Interquartile range, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, mRS Modified Rankin Scale, TUG Timed-Up-Go test, GPT Grooved Pegboard Test, TMT Trail Making Test, RAVLT Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, DS Digit-span
  3. Significant post-hoc: a = Remained iNPH vs. Remained Unlikely; b = Remained iNPH vs. Developed iNPH; c = Developed iNPH vs. Remained Unlikely