Table 2 Differences in clinical characteristics and radiographic measurement

Age, years W

83.5 ± 7.6

81.9 ± 7.4

84.7 ± 7.7

0.042*

Sex (n, % female)

89 (66)

42 (72)

47 (62)

0.20

BMI (kg/m²)

20.8 ± 4.3

22.7 ± 5.0

19.3 ± 3.7

\(<\) 0.001*

Comorbidities (%)

112 (84)

46 (79)

66 (87)

0.25

    Hypertension

60 (45)

31 (53)

29 (38)

0.078

    Diabetes

25 (19)

9 (16)

16 (21)

0.41

    Cardiovascular disease

23 (17)

9 (16)

14 (18)

0.66

    Dementia

23 (17)

8 (14)

15 (20)

0.36

    Cerebrovascular disease

10 (7)

3 (5)

7 (9)

0.37

Malignant disease

9 (7)

3 (5)

6 (8)

0.53

Chronic lung disease

8 (6)

3 (5)

5(7)

0.73

Osteoporosis treatment (%)

20 (15)

11 (19)

9 (12)

0.25

Hb (g/dl)

11.67 ± 1.92

12.57 ± 1.67

10.96 ± 1.82

\(<\) 0.001*

Albumin (g/dl)

3.38 ± 0.57

3.80 ± 0.29

3.05 ± 0.52

\(<\) 0.001*

Total lymphocyte cells (/mm³)

1183.7 ± 538.2

1394.8 ± 561.9

1022.7 ± 461.5

\(<\) 0.001*

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

174.9 ± 41.3

199.9 ± 37.2

155.8 ± 33.4

\(<\) 0.001*

Level of AOVF, n (%)

    T10-

21 (16)

9 (16)

12 (16)

0.97

    L1-T11

66 (49)

27 (47)

39 (51)

0.58

    L2-5

60 (45)

25 (43)

35 (46)

0.73

Multiple AOVFs, n (%)

21 (16)

5 (9)

16 (21)

0.048*

Prevalent OVFs, n (%)

58 (43)

20 (34)

38 (50)

0.071

Lumbar Lordosis (°)

35.6 ± 14.2

36.5 ± 14.6

35.1 ± 13.9

0.54

BMD (g/cm²)

0.81 ± 0.14

0.83 ± 0.17

0.77 ± 0.084

0.61