Table 2 Characteristics of the Participants
From: The willingness and influencing factors to choose smart senior care among old adults in China
Variables | Total (n = 760) | If willing to choose smart senior care | χ2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Demographic characteristics | ||||
 Age, % | ||||
  Ages 60–69 | 275 (36.2) | 235 (85.5) | 40, (14.5) | 38.248*** |
  Ages 70–79 | 317 (41.7) | 257 (81.1) | 60 (18.9) |  |
  Ages 80+ | 168 (22.1) | 103 (61.3) | 65 (38.7) |  |
 Gender, % | ||||
  Female | 389 (51.2) | 301 (77.4) | 88 (22.6) | 0.390 |
  Male | 371 (48.8) | 294 (79.2) | 77 (20.8) |  |
 Registered residence, % | ||||
  Rural | 443 (58.3) | 332 (74.9) | 111 (25.1) | 6.995** |
  Urban | 317 (41.7) | 263 (83.0) | 54 (17.0) |  |
 Years of education, % | ||||
  No education | 133 (17.5) | 89 (67.0) | 44 (33.0) | 24.283*** |
  1–6 years of education | 381 (50.1) | 290 (76.1) | 91 (23.9) |  |
  7 + years of education | 246 (32.4) | 216 (87.8) | 30 (22.2) |  |
 Pre-retirement occupation, % | ||||
  Have a formal job | 339 (44.6) | 278 (82.0) | 61 (18.0) | 4.973* |
  Others | 421 (55.4) | 317 (75.3) | 104 (24.7) |  |
Security factors | ||||
 National health insurance enrollment, % | ||||
  UEMS | 256 (33.7) | 215 (84.0) | 41 (16.0) | 9.197* |
  URMS | 183 (24.1) | 144 (78.7) | 39 (21.3) |  |
  NRCMS | 321 (42.2) | 236 (73.5) | 85 (26.5) |  |
 Monthly income in RMB, % | ||||
  Less than 1000 | 163 (21.4) | 121 (74.2) | 42 (25.8) | 11.350* |
  1000-1999 | 150 (19.7) | 109 (72.7) | 41 (27.3) |  |
  2000-2999 | 229 (30.1) | 179 (78.2) | 50 (21.8) |  |
  3000-3999 | 132 (17.4) | 115 (87.1) | 17 (12.9) |  |
  More than 4000 | 86 (11.3) | 71 (82.6) | 15 (17.4) |  |
 Live with a spouse, % | ||||
  Yes | 605 (79.6) | 475 (78.5) | 130 (21.5) | 0.087 |
  No | 155 (20.4) | 120 (77.4) | 35 (22.6) |  |
 Number of children, % | ||||
  Only child | 192 (25.3) | 178 (92.7) | 14 (7.3) | 43.073*** |
  Two children | 278 (36.6) | 214 (77.0) | 64 (23.0) |  |
  Three children | 162 (21.3) | 123 (76.0) | 39 (24.0) |  |
  Four or more children | 128 (16.8) | 80 (62.5) | 48 (37.5) |  |
 Frequency of children visiting parents, % | ||||
  Everyday | 258 (33.9) | 180 (69.8) | 78 (30.2) | 25.384*** |
  Weekly | 242 (31.8) | 192 (79.3) | 50 (20.7) |  |
  Semimonthly | 107 (14.1) | 84 (78.5) | 23 (21.5) |  |
  Monthly+ | 153 (20.2) | 139 (90.8) | 14 (9.2) |  |
 Primary caregiver, % | ||||
  Spouse | 276 (36.3) | 227 (82.2) | 49 (17.8) | 4.632 |
  Children | 219 (28.8) | 164 (74.9) | 55 (25.1) |  |
  Oneself | 243 (32.0) | 186 (76.5) | 57 (23.5) |  |
  Others | 22 (2.9) | 18 (81.8) | 4 (18.2) |  |
 Perceived adequacy of senior care received, % | ||||
  Yes | 263 (34.6) | 185 (70.3) | 78 (29.7) | 14.944*** |
  No | 497 (65.4) | 410 (82.5) | 87 (17.5) |  |
Health factors | ||||
 Self-reported health, % | ||||
  Well | 459 (60.4) | 340 (74.1) | 119 (25.9) | 12.116*** |
  Worse | 301 (39.6) | 255 (84.7) | 46 (15.3) |  |
 Any IADL disability, % | ||||
  Yes | 492 (64.7) | 393 (79.9) | 99 (20.1) | 2.072 |
  No | 268 (35.3) | 202 (75.4) | 66 (24.6) |  |
 Hospitalization within a year, % | ||||
  Yes | 231 (30.4) | 194 (84.0) | 37 (16.0) | 6.329* |
  No | 529 (69.6) | 401 (75.8) | 128 (24.2) |  |
 Any chronic diseases, % | ||||
  Yes | 426 (56.1) | 350 (82.2) | 76 (17.8) | 8.542** |
  No | 334 (43.9) | 245 (73.3) | 89 (26.7) |  |
 Frequency of physical examination, % | ||||
  Half a year | 157 (20.7) | 125 (79.6) | 32 (20.4) | 19.977*** |
  Annually | 325 (42.8) | 270 (83.1) | 55 (16.9) |  |
  Biennial | 129 (17.0) | 103 (79.8) | 26 (20.2) |  |
  More than 2 years | 149 (19.6) | 97 (65.1) | 52 (34.9) |  |
Participation factors | ||||
 Smartphone use, % | ||||
  Yes | 441 (58.0) | 371 (84.1) | 70 (15.9) | 21.064*** |
  No | 319 (42.0) | 224 (70.2) | 95 (29.8) |  |
 Familiarity with smart senior care, % | ||||
  Know very well | 48 (6.3) | 41 (85.4) | 7 (14.6) | 6.453* |
  Just heard of | 227 (29.9) | 188 (82.8) | 39 (17.2) |  |
  Incomprehension | 485 (63.8) | 366 (75.5) | 119 (24.5) |  |
 Attitude towards smart senior care, % | ||||
  Supportive | 686 (90.3) | 573 (83.5) | 113 (16.5) | 113.737*** |
  Not supportive | 74 (9.7) | 22 (29.7) | 52 (70.3) |  |