Table 3 Association Between All-Cause Hospitalization and Type and Amount of HCBS

Type and Amount of HCBS (ref. No-HCBS)

 Low PAS

  Only PAS

1.18

1.13

1.23

  PAS and Adult Day Care

0.54

0.49

0.6

  PAS and Delivered Meals

1.33

1.26

1.41

  PAS, Adult Day Care, and Delivered Meals

0.77

0.59

1.01

 Medium PAS

  Only PAS

0.84

0.8

0.89

  PAS and Adult Day Care

0.6

0.53

0.7

  PAS and Delivered Meals

0.91

0.84

0.99

  PAS, Adult Day Care, and Delivered Meals

0.91

0.64

1.28

 High PAS

  Only PAS

0.77

0.71

0.84

  PAS and Adult Day Care

0.69

0.46

1.05

  PAS and Delivered Meals

0.88

0.76

1.02

  PAS, Adult Day Care, and Delivered Meals

1.11

0.58

2.14

Age (ref. 65–69)

 70–74

0.96

0.91

1.01

 75–79

0.91

0.87

0.96

 80–84

0.93

0.88

0.98

 85 and Older

0.99

0.94

1.04

 Gender (ref. Female)

0.88

0.85

0.91

 Rural

1.10

1.05

1.16

Race (ref. Non-Hispanic White)

 Non-Hispanic Black

1.13

1.08

1.17

 Asian

0.56

0.52

0.61

 Hispanic

1.00

0.88

1.14

 Other

0.81

0.75

0.86

Living Arrangement (ref. Lives Alone)

 Spouse

0.80

0.75

0.84

 Child

0.98

0.94

1.03

 Other Relative

0.99

0.94

1.04

 Other Person

1.06

1.01

1.12

Chronic Conditions (ref. 0–1)

 2–3

1.14

1.08

1.2

 4–5

1.64

1.55

1.73

 6 or More

3.41

3.25

3.59

Continence (range 0–10)

1.02

1.01

1.02

Basic ADL (range 0–10)

1.04

1.03

1.04

Instrumental ADL (range 0–10)

1.07

1.06

1.08

Alzheimer’s Disease or Other Dementia

0.91

0.88

0.95

Time in program (months)

1.02

1.02

1.03