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Table 4 Association between preceding low back pain and onset of low physical function

From: Association between low back pain and functional disability in the elderly people: a 4-year longitudinal study after the great East Japan earthquake

 

Low back pain at the second time point

 

Total

Absence

Presence

P value

Participants without low physical function at the second time point

615

484

131

 

Onset of low physical function at the third time point, n (%)

112 (18.2)

69 (14.3)

43 (32.8)

 

Adjusted OR (95%CI)

 

1 (Ref.)

2.50 (1.47–4.23)

0.001

   

Duration

 

< 2 years

≥2 years

P for trend

Participants without low physical function at the second time point

  

69

62

 

Onset of low physical function at the third time point, n (%)

  

23 (33.3)

20 (32.3)

 

Adjusted OR (95%CI)

 

1 (Ref.)

2.28 (1.19–4.37)

2.82 (1.35–5.90)

0.003

  1. Adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, living area, smoking habits, drinking habits, comorbid conditions, working status, walking time, living status, subjective economic condition, psychological distress, sleep disturbance, and social isolation. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval