Table 4 Moderation analysis of physical activity for the relationship between muscle strength and depressive symptoms

Model 1 (R² = 0.0037, F = 11.7336, p < 0.001)

Physical activity

-0.1094

0.0802

-2.0546

0.0399

-0.2138

-0.0050

Muscle strength

-0.2553

0.0533

-1.3600

0.1739

-0.6233

0.1127

Interaction

0.3407

0.1877

3.0123

0.0026

0.1190

0.5625

R² change due to the moderator = 0.0010 (F = 9.0740, p = 0.0026)

Model 2 ( R² = 0.0060, F = 8.1013, p < 0.001)

Muscle strength

-0.1061

0.0535

-1.9816

0.0476

-0.2111

-0.0011

Physical activity

-0.1981

0.1888

-1.0493

0.2941

-0.5681

0.1720

Interaction

0.3514

0.1132

3.1033

0.0019

0.1294

0.5733

R² change due to the moderator = 0.0010 (F = 9.6303, p = 0.0019)