Table 2 Baseline characteristics of participants by falls (Sample 2, N = 2,916)

Age, M ± SD

75.7 ± 6.9

75.8 ± 7.0

75.6 ± 6.9

.404

Sex (Female), n (%)

1,628 (55.8)

449 (61.2)

1,179 (54.0)

.001

Race/ethnicity, n (%)

.004

 White, non-Hispanic

2,180 (74.8)

584 (79.6)

1,596 (73.1)

 Black, non-Hispanic

543 (18.6)

105 (14.3)

438 (20.1)

 Hispanic

114 (3.9)

27 (3.6)

87 (4.0)

 Other

79 (2.7)

18 (2.5)

61 (2.8)

Education, n (%)

.705

 Less than high school

561 (19.3)

134 (18.4)

427 (19.7)

 High school

768 (26.5)

191 (26.2)

577 (26.6)

 Some college or vocational school

731 (25.2)

181 (24.8)

550 (25.3)

 College or higher

841 (29.0)

223 (30.6)

618 (28.4)

Living arrangement, n (%)

.017

 Alone

938 (32.3)

249 (34.0)

689 (31.7)

 With spouse/partner only

1,359 (46.7)

328 (44.8)

1,031 (47.4)

 With others only

340 (11.7)

102 (13.9)

238 (11.0)

 With spouse/partner and with others

269 (9.3)

53 (7.2)

216 (9.9)

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², n (%)

812 (28.4)

216 (30.2)

596 (27.8)

.229

Pain, n (%)

1,469 (50.1)

441 (60.1)

1,019 (46.7)

 < .001

Depressive symptoms, n (%)

274 (9.4)

97 (13.3)

177 (8.1)

 < .001

Dementia, n (%)

39 (1.3)

13 (1.7)

26 (1.2)

.235

Hospitalization, n (%)

474 (16.3)

142 (19.4)

332 (15.2)

.008

Number of ADL impairments, M ± SD

0.2 ± 0.5

0.3 ± 0.6

0.1 ± 0.5

 < .001

Number of IADL impairments, M ± SD

0.4 ± 0.8

0.5 ± 1.0

0.3 ± 0.8

 < .001

Number of chronic diseases, M ± SD

2.3 ± 1.4

2.6 ± 1.5

2.2 ± 1.4

 < .001

Visual impairments, n (%)

163 (5.6)

56 (7.7)

107 (4.9)

.005

Hearing impairments, n (%)

355 (12.2)

116 (15.9)

239 (11.0)

 < .001

Vigorous activity, n (%)

1,303 (44.7)

321 (43.7)

982 (45.0)

.549