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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients by group (mean, standard deviation/number, percentage, and p value)

From: Laser therapy versus pulsed electromagnetic field therapy as treatment modalities for early knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Characteristics

PEMFT (n = 20)

LLLT (n = 20)

P value

Age (years, mean ± SD)

62.7 ± 6.6

63.0 ± 6.2

0.95

Sex (n, %):

0.49

 Male

7 (35.0)

5 (25.0)

 Female

13 (65.0)

15 (75.0)

BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD)

31.1 ± 3.3

30.8 ± 3.7

0.84

Pain onset (months, mean ± SD)

26.5 ± 7.5

24.8 ± 7.4

0.42

KL Grade (n, %):

0.49

 Grade 2

5 (25.0)

7 (35.0)

 Grade 3

13 (65.0)

15 (75.0)

Involved side (n, %):

1.0

 Right

11 (55.0)

11 (55.0)

 Left

9 (45.0)

9 (45.0)

  1. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05
  2. PEMFT Pulsed electromagnetic field, LLLT Low-level laser therapy, SD Standard deviation, n Number, BMI Body mass index, KL Kellgren–Lawrence classification scale