Table 3 Demographic characteristics of older adults by age status

 Age, year. Median (IQR)

71.0 (67.0–73.0)

78.0 (76.0–81.0)

<.001^a

Young-old < Old-old

 Sex, Female (%)

4036 (57.6) ^c

2965 (42.4) ^d

.04^b

 Education, year. Median (IQR)

12.0 (10.0–13.0)

12.0 (9.0–12.0)

<.001^a

Old-old < Young-old

 Medication, number. Median (IQR)

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

3.0 (2.0–5.0)

<.001^a

Young-old < Old-old

 Heart disease, no (%)

6257 (59.0) ^c

4355 (41.0) ^d

<.001^b

 Hypertension, no (%)

4346 (63.6) ^c

2490 (36.4) ^d

<.001^b

 Diabetes, no (%)

6330 (57.1)

4765 (42.9)

.17^b

 Hyperlipidemia, no (%)

4664 (57.7) ^c

3417 (42.3) ^d

.01^b

 Walking speed, m/s. Median (IQR)

1.2 (1.0–1.3)

1.1 (.9–1.2)

<.001^a

Old-old < Young-old

 Grip strength, kg. Median (IQR)

26.6 (22.1–34.7)

24.1 (19.9–30.5)

<.001^a

Old-old < Young-old

 MMSE, score. Median (IQR)

28.0 (26.0–29.0)

26.0 (24.0–28.0)

<.001^a

Old-old < Young-old

 SRH, good (%)

6344 (57.4) ^c

4700 (42.6) ^d

<.001^b

 GDS, score. Median (IQR)

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

<.001^a

Young-old < Old-old

 BMI. Median (IQR)

23.1 (21.1–25.1)

22.9 (21.0–25.0)

<.001^a

Old-old < Young-old

 Total body fat, %. Median (IQR)

27.3 (22.1–33.4)

28.2 (22.6–34.0)

<.001^a

Young-old < Old-old

 ASM, kg. Median (IQR)

16.4 (14.0–20.7)

15.6 (13.2–19.5)

<.001^a

Old-old < Young-old

 Frequency of going out in a week, yes (%)

4007 (57.9) ^c

2912 (42.1) ^d

.007^b

 Visit friends, yes (%)

5603 (56.5)

4311 (43.5)

.199^b

 Shopping, yes (%)

6985 (56.9)

5293 (43.1)

.423^b

 Exercise circle, yes (%)

1925 (54.1) ^d

1635 (45.9) ^c

<.001^b

 Cooperate in regional events, yes (%)

2434 (53.4) ^d

2125 (46.6) ^c

<.001^b

 Advice, yes (%)

6627 (57.8) ^c

4829 (42.2) ^d

<.001^b

 Voluntary activities, yes (%)

2186 (53.9) ^d

1872 (46.1) ^c

<.001^b

 Board member or secretariat, yes (%)

2056 (54.8) ^d

1693 (45.2) ^c

<.004^b

Frailty status

<.001^b

 Robust, yes (%)

3265 (65.4) ^c

1725 (34.6) ^d

 Physical pre-frailty, yes (%)

3602 (54.5) ^d

3011 (45.5) ^c

 Physical frailty, yes (%)

399 (33.7) ^d

786 (66.3) ^c