Table 1 Demographic data and baseline characteristics of older patients with and without postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) (matched population)
All patients N = 384 | Without POAF N = 320 | With POAF N = 64 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) a | 86 ± 6 | 86 ± 6 | 86 ± 6 | 0.99 |
< 85 | 141 (37) | 116 (36) | 25 (39) | 0.67 |
85 to 90 | 145 (38) | 122 (38) | 23 (36) | 0.74 |
> 90 | 98 (26) | 82 (26) | 16 (25) | 0.92 |
Male sex | 86 (22) | 71 (22) | 15 (23) | 0.83 |
Medical history | ||||
CCI | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) | 7 (4–7) | 0.71 |
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation | 77 (20) | 53 (17) | 24 (38) | < 0.001* |
Hypertension a | 264 (69) | 220 (69) | 44 (69) | 0.99 |
Diabetes a | 24 (6) | 20 (6) | 4 (6) | 0.99 |
Coronary artery disease a | 66 (17) | 55 (17) | 11 (17) | 0.99 |
Cardiac failure a | 48 (13) | 40 (13) | 8 (13) | 0.99 |
Valvular heart disease | 30 (8) | 22 (7) | 8 (13) | 0.13 |
Dementia | 147 (38) | 128 (40) | 19 (30) | 0.22 |
COPD | 30 (8) | 24 (8) | 6 (9) | 0.61 |
Chronic renal failure | 35 (9) | 29 (9) | 6 (9) | 0.99 |
Autonomy before surgery | ||||
ADL | 5.5 (4–6) | 5.5 (3.5–6) | 5.5 (5–6) | 0.31 |
iADL | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (1–3) | 0.94 |
Living in institution | 65 (17) | 64 (20) | 1 (2) | < 0.001* |
Walking before surgery | 373 (97) | 309 (97) | 64 (100) | 0.13 |
Walking with assistance | 227 (59) | 186 (58) | 41 (64) | 0.38 |
Fracture | ||||
Intertrochanteric fracture | 206 (54) | 169 (53) | 37 (58) | 0.48 |
Femoral neck fracture | 156 (41) | 133 (42) | 23 (36) | 0.39 |
Surgery | ||||
Time to surgery (hr) | 26 (20–47) | 26 (19–46) | 33 (20–54) | 0.11 |
Time to surgery > 48 h | 85 (22) | 62 (19) | 23 (36) | 0.004* |
Duration of surgery (min) | 143 ± 48 | 141 ± 43 | 151 ± 68 | 0.13 |
Missing values | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | - |
Type of surgery | ||||
Gamma nail | 196 (51) | 162 (51) | 34 (53) | 0.79 |
Dynamic hip screw | 22 (6) | 17 (5) | 5 (8) | 0.39 |
Unipolar prosthesis | 138 (36) | 117 (37) | 21 (33) | 0.52 |
Bipolar prosthesis | 12 (3) | 10 (3) | 2 (3) | 0.99 |
Missing values | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | - |
Laboratory values | ||||
Haemoglobin level at admission g.dL−1 | 9.0 [8.0–9.9] | 9.0 [7.9–9.9] | 9.0 [8.2–10.0] | 0.48 |
Haemoglobin level < 10 g.dL−1 at admission | 292 (76) | 245 (77) | 47 (73) | 0.56 |
Missing values | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
Kalemia < 3.5 mmol/L at admission | 42 (11) | 34 (11) | 8 (13) | 0.66 |
Missing values | 32 (8) | 27 (8) | 5 (8) | - |