Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients who had consented to participate in the study

Frailty measurements

EFS

6

(5–8)

CFS

3

(3–4)

Katz

6

(6–6)

Handgrip (L)

29.0

(20.7–32.3)

Handgrip (R)

27.3

(21.4–34.1)

Chair sit/ stand

4

(3–5)

Demographic and risk factors

Age, years

69

 ± 7

Female sex

16

(25.0)

BMI < 18.5 or ≥ 35 kg/m²

10

(15.6)

Smoking history

46

(71.9)

Diabetes

34

(53.1)

Hypertension

55

(85.9)

Dyslipidemia

56

(87.5)

CVD

13

(20.3)

PVD

14

(21.9)

Renal failure

8

(12.5)

COPD

11

(17.2)

Pulmonary hypertension

2

(3.1)

Heart function

Atrial fibrillation

11

(17.2)

MI ≤ 21 days

4

(6.2)

LVEF < 40%

11

(17.2)

CHF

13

(20.3)

NYHA class 3–4

43

(67.2)

Surgery

Previous surgery

1

(1.6)

Isolated CABG

51

(79.7)

Isolated valve

6

(9.4)

CABG + valve

7

(10.9)