Table 4 Muscle mass associated components in the female sarcopenia cohort stratified by the FSH, insulin, and AST/ALT ratio values

No sarcopenia

n = 1538

n = 792

Handgrip (kg)

19.1 ± 5.5

19.2 ± 5.6

0.655

Muscle mass (kg/m²)

6.52 ± 0.62

6.22 ± 0.55

0.000*

Sarcopenia

n = 250

n = 244

Handgrip (kg)

14.6 ± 4.0

14.5 ± 3.7

0.805

Muscle mass (kg/m²)

5.22 ± 0.38

5.20 ± 0.35

0.308

Lower insulin

Higher insulin

P value

No sarcopenia

n = 757

n = 1583

Handgrip (kg)

18.7 ± 5.5

19.3 ± 5.5

0.013*

Muscle mass (kg/m²)

6.23 ± 0.58

6.51 ± 0.61

0.000*

Sarcopenia

n = 303

n = 193

Handgrip (kg)

14.5 ± 3.8

14.7 ± 3.9

0.534

Muscle mass (kg/m²)

5.16 ± 0.39

5.28 ± 0.30

0.001*

Lower AST/ALT

Higher AST/ALT

P value

No sarcopenia

n = 1733

n = 607

Handgrip (kg)

19.4 ± 5.5

18.4 ± 5.5

0.000*

Muscle mass (kg/m²)

6.49 ± 0.64

6.23 ± 0.51

0.000*

Sarcopenia

n = 217

n = 279

Handgrip (kg)

14.7 ± 3.7

14.4 ± 3.9

0.348

Muscle mass (kg/m²)

5.28 ± 0.31

5.16 ± 0.39

0.001*