Table 2 Frailty measurement
From: Frailty and solid-organ transplant candidates: a scoping review
All | Kidney [14, 19, 20, 25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57] | Liver [15, 58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92] | Lung [102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Studies N (%) | 101 (100.0) | 9 (8.9) | 36 (35.6) | 36 (35.6) | 16 (15.8) | 4 (4.0) |
When was frailty measured N (%) | ||||||
At assessment for transplant eligibility | 27 (26.7) | 4 (44.4) | 11 (30.6) | 7 (19.4) | 4 (25.0) | 1 (25.0) |
When the patient was added to the transplant wait-list | 8 (7.9) | 0 | 3 (8.3) | 2 (7.2) | 3 (18.8) | 0 |
At admission to hospital for transplant surgery | 16 (15.8) | 1 (11.1) | 14 (38.9) | 1 (3.3) | 0 | 0 |
Retrospectively in transplant recipients | 10 (9.9) | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 6 (16.7) | 0 | 3 (75.0) |
The time-point(s) was not reported | 18 (17.8) | 2 (22.2) | 3 (8.3) | 9 (25.0) | 4 (25.0) | 0 |
Other time-pointa | 15 (14.8) | 1 (11.1) | 1 (2.8) | 8 (22.2) | 5 (31.3) | 0 |
More than 1 time-pointb | 7 (6.4) | 1 (11.1) | 3 (8.3) | 3 (8.3) | 0 | 0 |
Number of frailty measurement tools used per study N (%) | ||||||
One frailty measurement tool | 83 (82.2) | 6 (66.6) | 32 (88.9) | 30 (83.3) | 11 (68.8) | 4 (100.0) |
Two or more frailty measurement tools | 18 (17.8) | 3 (33.3) | 4 (11.1) | 6 (16.7) | 5 (31.3) | 0 |
Total number of frailty measurement tools used N (%) | 123 (100.0) | 12(9.8) | 41 (33.3) | 43 (35.0) | 23 (18.7) | 4 (3.3) |
Type of frailty measurement tools N (%) | ||||||
Established frailty tools | 63 (51.2) | 8 (66.7) | 32 (78.0) | 9 (20.9) | 13 (56.5) | 1 (25.0) |
Other frailty toolsc | 60 (48.8) | 4 (33.3) | 9 (22.0) | 34 (79.1) | 10 (43.5) | 3 (75.0) |
Frailty measurement tool used N (%) | ||||||
Established frailty tools | ||||||
Clinical Frailty Scale | 3 (2.4) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 1 (2.3) | 1 (4.3) | 0 |
Fried Frailty Phenotype (Standard and Modified) | 55 (44.7) | 8 (66.7) | 28 (68.3) | 8 (18.6) | 11 (47.8) | 0 |
Frailty Index | 3 (2.4) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 1 (4.3) | 1 (25.0) |
Groningen Frailty Indicator | 2 (1.6) | 0 | 2 (4.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Other frailty tools | ||||||
Liver Frailty Index | 19 (15.4) | 0 | 0 | 19 (44.2) | 0 | 0 |
Short Physical Performance Battery | 10 (8.1) | 2 (16.7) | 0 | 0 | 7 (30.4) | 1 (25.0) |
Karnofsky Performance Status | 4 (3.3) | 0 | 0 | 3 (7.0) | 0 | 1 (25.0) |
OHT frailty screening tool | 1 (0.8) | 1 (8.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The frailty risk score | 2 (1.6) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Kihon checklist criteria | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Functional metricsd | 10 (8.1) | 0 | 2 (4.9) | 8 (18.6) | 0 | 0 |
CES depression scale | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) | 2 (1.6) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 1 (4.3) | 0 |
Multidimensional prognosis index | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FRAIL scale | 2 (1.6) | 0 | 2 (4.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Braden scale | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 0 |
A comprehensive frailty severity index | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 0 |
5 item Self-reported test | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 0 |
Muscle wasting | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 0 |
DMI-10 | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (4.3) | 0 |
Combined frailty | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (4.3) | 0 |
Frailty index for people living with HIV | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (25.0) |
Prevalence of frailty | ||||||
# of studies reporting | 82 | 9 | 29 | 27 | 15 | 2 |
Range (%) | 2.7–100.0 | 2.7–78.4 | 11.2–66.2 | 14.0–47.0 | 12.0–45.0 | 9.0-100.0 |
Purpose of measuring frailty N | ||||||
Risk stratificatione | 74 | 6 | 25 | 28 | 11 | 4 |
Study inclusion/exclusion criteria | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Transplant inclusion/exclusion criteria | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Outcome measuref | 13 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
Descriptiveg | 21 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 1 |
Feasibilityh | 8 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
Other | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |