Table 2 Age and sex adjusted pain prevalence among middle-aged and older adults of India by socio-demographic characteristics, India, 2017-18

% (95% CI)

Overall

36.54 (35.16–37.91)

Age

45–59

33.29 (31.74–34.83)

60–74

38.86 (37.16–40.56)

75 and above

43.37 (40.95–45.80)

Sex

Male

30.78 (29.66–31.90)

Female

41.38 (39.36–43.39)

Residence

Rural

38.74 (37.66–39.83)

Urban

31.36 (28.08–34.64)

Years of Education

No schooling

37.69 (36.29–39.10)

< 5 years

42.19 (40.11–44.26)

5–9 years

36.70 (34.55–38.86)

≥ 10 years

28.91 (24.91–32.90)

Currently Married

Yes

37.53 (36.26–38.80)

No

33.95 (31.65–36.25)

MPCE quintile

Poorest

37.51 (35.60–39.41)

Poorer

37.09 (35.37–38.80)

Middle

36.76 (34.84–38.67)

Richer

36.31 (33.84–38.78)

Richest

34.69 (31.74–37.63)

Work Status

Currently Working

36.66 (35.30–38.01)

Ever worked but not Currently Working

40.25 (38.74–41.77)

Never Worked

32.77 (29.68–35.87)

Multi-morbidity

0

31.90 (30.52–33.29)

≥ 1

41.89 (40.02–43.76)

BMI

Underweight (≤ 18.5)

36.61 (34.94–38.28)

Normal (18.5–25.0)

36.83 (35.63–38.02)

Overweight (25.0–30.0)

36.06 (32.92–39.19)

Obese (> 30)

35.61 (31.86–39.36)

Smoking History

No

33.00 (31.31–34.69)

Yes

42.79 (41.43–44.14)

Alcohol History

No

35.83 (34.38–37.28)

Yes

40.81 (38.81–42.82)

Supportive Aid for Daily Life

Independent

34.39 (33.03–35.75)

Uses Aid

40.05 (37.76–42.34)