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Table 2 Multiple logistic regression of perceived unmet needs for support at home by level (macro, meso, and micro) model 4 (N = 8,508)

From: A multi-level perspective on perceived unmet needs for home support in home-dwelling older adults in the Swiss context: a secondary data analysis of a population study

 

Model 4

OR (95% CI)

AIC = 2773.3

BIC = 2928.3

Macro level

 

Economic status by municipality (ref. low income)

 

Middle-income

 

High-income

 

Private Health insurance (ref. Compulsory insurance)

0.63 (0.49–0.80) *

Other type of government support (ref. no support)

1.65 (1.17–2.29) *

Use of formal care (ref. no)

 

Meso level

 

Services used (ref. no)

 

Nursing care at home

 

Meal service

 

Transport service

1.74 (1.15–2.57) *

Flat for older adults

 

Help with housework

 

Micro level

 

Male (ref. female)

0.85 (0.65–1.11)

Age (ref. 75–80)

 

81–85

1.04 (0.81–1.34)

> 86

0.80 (0.58–1.08)

German speaking proficiency (ref. bad German)

 

Swiss German as mother tongue

0.44 (0.24–0.88) *

German as mother tongue

0.47 (0.24–0.98) *

Good German

0.64 (0.32–1.34)

Education (ref. less than primary)

 

Primary education

0.48 (0.24–1.02) *

Secondary education

0.49 (0.25–1.03) *

Tertiary education

0.38 (0.19–0.82) *

Other

0.31 (0.12–0.75) *

Physical activity (ref. no optimal)

 

Optimal

0.77 (0.61–0.96) *

Chronic alcohol consumption (ref. low risk)

 

High-risk

0.76 (0.58–0.99) *

Smoking status (ref. never smoked)

 

Current consumer

 

Past consumer

 

Mental Health (ref. no)

 

Psychological domain

Feeling depressed

1.40 (1.06–1.85) *

Feeling abandoned

2.60 (1.96–3.43) *

Self-perceived health status (ref. 0–25)

 

26–50

0.60 (0.29–1.38)

51–75

0.50 (0.24–1.12)

76–100

0.42 (0.20–0.96) *

Individual income (ref. below threshold)

 

Above threshold

 

Living situation (ref. living alone)

 

Living with a significant other

 

Informal care (ref. no informal care)

0.57 (0.45–0.73) *

Level of dependency (ref. ≤ 2)

 

3–4

 

5–6

 

7–8

 
  1. *P < 0.05