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Table 5 Associations between FGS and executive function-based neurocognitive tests– added interaction term between FGS and cognitive status

From: Differential associations between simple physical performance tests with global and specific cognitive functions in cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional cohort study of Asian community-dwelling older adults

Neurocognitive tests/ physical performance tests

FGS Interaction Model

FGS

Cognitive Status

FGS x Cognitive Status

 

β (95% CI)

p-values

β (95% CI)

p-values

β (95% CI)

p-values

R2change

Global Cognition- MMSE

0.276 (-0.117 to 0.669)

0.169

0.498 (-0.696 to 1.692)

0.413

-0.36 (-0.67 to -0.049)

0.023*

0.006 

Digit span forward

0.237 (-0.302 to 0.776)

0.388

0.617 (-1.019 to 2.253)

0.459

-0.254 (-0.68 to 0.172)

0.242

0.002 

Digit span backward

0.087 (-0.353 to 0.528)

0.697

-0.191 (-1.528 to 1.146)

0.779

-0.165 (-0.513 to 0.183)

0.351

0.001 

CTT 1

-8.015 (-12.086 to -3.945)

<0.001***

-29.498 (-41.857 to -17.139)

<0.001***

10.78 (7.563 to 13.997)

<0.001***

0.041 

CTT 2

-11.886 (-18.737 to -5.034)

0.001*

-34.343 (-55.144 to -13.542)

0.001*

14.643 (9.228 to 20.058)

<0.001***

0.027 

CTT Interference

0.029 (-0.103 to 0.161)

0.667

0.27 (-0.13 to 0.671)

0.185

-0.068 (-0.173 to 0.036)

0.197

0.002

  1. Notes: MMSE mini-mental state examination, CTT color trail test, TUG timed up and go test, FGS fast gait speed, 30s-CST 30-second chair stand test, β unstandardized beta-coefficient, 95% CI 95% confidence interval
  2. * indicates p<0.05, ** indicates p<0.01, and *** indicates p<0.001
  3. All the statistical models here were built on top of the respective adjusted models from Table 3, with the addition of an interaction term between physical performance tests and cognitive status. Reference group was the cognitively normal group. For TUG and FGS, a higher score indicates lower performance. Whereas for 30s-CST, a higher score indicates higher performance. For all cognitive tests, a higher score indicates better cognitive performance, except for only Color Trails Test (CTT) 1 & 2, in which a higher score indicates lower cognitive performance