Fig. 1From: How formal caregiver’s BPSD knowledge influences positive aspects of caregiving: the mediating role of attitude and the moderating role of self-efficacyModel hypothesis.The associations between BPSD knowledge and PAC were the total effect (path C), which consisted of a direct effect of BPSD knowledge (path C’) and an indirect effect via attitude toward patient with dementia (path A * path B). Formal caregivers’ self-efficacy was included as a potential moderator in path C’Back to article page