Table 3 Area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of gait variables between the groups during single- and dual-task walking

Single-task walking:

  Foot rotation angle (deg)

0.586

0.444

0.727

0.243

0.574

0.429

0.719

0.317

0.343

0.204

0.482

0.035

  Step length (cm)

0.309

0.177

0.441

0.009

0.287

0.159

0.416

0.004

0.849

0.752

0.946

 < 0.001

  Stride length (cm)

0.309

0.177

0.441

0.009

0.287

0.159

0.416

0.004

0.848

0.750

0.945

 < 0.001

  Step width (cm)

0.561

0.418

0.705

0.402

0.676

0.541

0.811

0.017

0.289

0.158

0.419

0.005

  Stance phase (%GC)

0.671

0.537

0.804

0.020

0.603

0.462

0.744

0.163

0.228

0.113

0.343

 < 0.001

  Loading response (%GC)

0.679

0.548

0.811

0.014

0.581

0.438

0.724

0.272

0.230

0.114

0.346

 < 0.001

  Single support phase (%GC)

0.307

0.178

0.437

0.009

0.408

0.266

0.550

0.215

0.778

0.664

0.892

 < 0.001

  Pre-Swing (%GC)

0.686

0.555

0.818

0.011

0.595

0.453

0.737

0.200

0.220

0.107

0.334

 < 0.001

  Swing phase (%GC)

0.329

0.196

0.463

0.020

0.397

0.256

0.538

0.163

0.772

0.657

0.887

 < 0.001

  Double support phase (%GC)

0.685

0.554

0.817

0.011

0.597

0.456

0.739

0.188

0.220

0.107

0.334

 < 0.001

  Step time (s)

0.632

0.493

0.770

0.073

0.528

0.382

0.674

0.704

0.339

0.202

0.476

0.030

  Stride time (s)

0.629

0.490

0.767

0.080

0.531

0.385

0.676

0.678

0.340

0.203

0.477

0.032

  Cadence (steps/min)

0.379

0.240

0.518

0.099

0.479

0.334

0.625

0.778

0.647

0.508

0.785

0.049

  Gait Speed (m/s)

0.287

0.158

0.416

0.004

0.356

0.218

0.493

0.051

0.823

0.715

0.930

 < 0.001

Dual-task walking:

  Foot rotation angle (deg)

0.609

0.464

0.755

0.155

0.557

0.408

0.707

0.439

0.312

0.164

0.459

0.016

  Step length (cm)

0.347

0.201

0.493

0.046

0.291

0.162

0.420

0.005

0.813

0.695

0.930

 < 0.001

  Stride length (cm)

0.347

0.201

0.493

0.046

0.291

0.162

0.420

0.005

0.813

0.695

0.930

 < 0.001

  Step width (cm)

0.603

0.454

0.753

0.179

0.692

0.560

0.824

0.010

0.238

0.113

0.363

0.001

  Stance phase (%GC)

0.654

0.510

0.797

0.045

0.633

0.495

0.772

0.071

0.192

0.075

0.309

 < 0.001

  Loading response (%GC)

0.658

0.516

0.800

0.040

0.624

0.485

0.764

0.092

0.190

0.072

0.307

 < 0.001

  Single support phase (%GC)

0.316

0.179

0.452

0.016

0.376

0.237

0.515

0.094

0.822

0.713

0.931

 < 0.001

  Pre-swing (%GC)

0.656

0.514

0.799

0.042

0.629

0.490

0.768

0.081

0.217

0.094

0.340

 < 0.001

  Swing phase (%GC)

0.346

0.203

0.490

0.045

0.367

0.228

0.505

0.071

0.808

0.691

0.925

 < 0.001

  Double support phase (%GC)

0.659

0.516

0.801

0.039

0.625

0.486

0.764

0.091

0.213

0.090

0.335

 < 0.001

  Step time (s)

0.636

0.493

0.780

0.076

0.613

0.472

0.753

0.128

0.254

0.128

0.381

0.002

  Stride time (s)

0.638

0.494

0.781

0.073

0.615

0.474

0.755

0.121

0.252

0.126

0.378

0.001

  Cadence (steps/min)

0.371

0.226

0.516

0.094

0.395

0.254

0.536

0.155

0.746

0.619

0.873

0.002

  Gait Speed (m/s)

0.324

0.183

0.465

0.022

0.319

0.187

0.451

0.014

0.823

0.711

0.935

 < 0.001