The combined effects of physical frailty and cognitive impairment on emergency department- versus direct-admission hospitalizations

Table 5 Percentage distribution^a of primary admission diagnosis code category by body system or condition^b with highest proportions (≥ 20%) of use among individuals who had one or more hospitalizations

Direct-admission Hospitalizations
Unimpaired	Circulatory	Musculoskeletal	Symptoms
(n = 187)	(41.2)	(36.4)	(27.8)
Cognitive impairment (CI) only	Circulatory	Symptoms	Musculoskeletal
(n = 105)	(46.7)	(38.1)	(32.4)
Frailty only	Symptoms	Circulatory	Musculoskeletal	Respiratory
(n = 18)	(44.4)	(38.9)	(28.0)	(27.8)
CI + Frailty	Circulatory	Symptoms	Genitourinary	Injury	Musculoskeletal	Digestive
(n = 13)	(61.5)	(38.5)	(30.8)	(23.1)	(23.1)	(23.1)
Emergency Department (ED)-admission Hospitalizations
Unimpaired	Symptoms	Circulatory	Respiratory	Digestive
(n = 226)	(80.5)	(55.8)	(28.3)	(22.6)
CI only	Symptoms	Circulatory	Respiratory	Injury	Musculoskeletal	Digestive
(n = 158)	(80.4)	(54.4)	(29.8)	(25.9)	(23.4)	(22.2)
Frailty only	Symptoms	Circulatory	Respiratory	Digestive
(n = 22)	(86.4)	(81.8)	(27.3)	(27.3)
CI + Frailty	Symptoms	Circulatory	Genitourinary	Musculoskeletal	Respiratory	Digestive	Injury
(n = 49)	(89.8)	(51.0)	(36.7)	(28.6)	(22.5)	(20.4)	(20.4)

^a the primary admission diagnosis code could have more than one, i.e., not mutually exclusive. As such, the row total of the percentage values tabulated is not expected to be 100%
^b using diagnostic codes from the International Classification of Diseases, ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) (http://www.icd9data.com/2015/Volume1/default.htm): Diseases Of The Circulatory System (“Circulatory”; ICD-9-CM codes: 390–459), Symptoms, Signs, And Ill-Defined Conditions (“System”; ICD-9-CM codes: 780–799), Diseases Of The Musculoskeletal System And Connective Tissue (“Musculoskeletal”; ICD-9-CM codes: 710–739), Diseases Of The Respiratory System (“Respiratory”; ICD-9-CM codes: 460–519), Diseases Of The Genitourinary System (“Genitourinary”; ICD-9-CM codes: 580–629), Injury And Poisoning (“Injury”; ICD-9-CM codes: 800–999), Diseases Of The Digestive System (“Digestive”; ICD-9-CM codes: 520–579)

ISSN: 1471-2318