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Table 2 General characteristics of target population across tertiles (T) of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015)

From: Relationship between diet quality and depression among Iranian older adults in Tehran

Variables

Total n(%)

Tertiles of HEI-2015

p-value

T1

T2

T3

Total n(%)

 

511

20 (3.9)a

391 (76.5)a

100 (19.6)a

Age (years)

65—60

178 (34.8)

30.0)) 6

130 (33.2)

42 (42.0)

0.377b

74—65

240 (47.0)

12 (60.0)

185 (47.3)

43 (43.0)

80- 74

93 (18.2)

2 (10.0)

76 (19.4)

15 (15.0)

sex

Male

261 (51.1)

16 (80.0)

199 (50.9)

46 (46.0)

0.020b

Female

250 (48.9)

4 (20.0)

192 (49.1)

54 (54.0)

Ethnicity

Fars

299 (58.7)

55.0)) 11

(56.2) 219

(69.7) 69

0.047

Other ethnic groups

210 (41.3)

(45.0) 9

43.8)) 171

(30.3) 30

Education

Under-diploma

337 (65.9)

12 (60.0)

261 (66.8)

64 (64.0)

0.780b

Diploma

93 (18.2)

3 (15.0)

70 (17.9)

20 (20.0)

University degree

81 (15.9)

5 (25.0)

60 (15.3)

16 (16.0)

Marital status

Single/widow/divorced

95 (18.6)

0 (0.0)

74 (18.9)

21 (21.0)

0.054b

Married

416 (81.4)

(100.0) 20

317 (81.1)

79 (79.0)

Living status

Alone

54 (10.6)

2 (10.0)

42 (10.7)

10 (10.0)

1.000b

With family/nurse

457 (89.4)

18 (90.0)

349 (89.3)

90 (90.0)

Job status

with income (paid job)

285 (55.8)

16 (80.0)

214 (54.7)

55 (55.0)

0.084b

With no income

226 (44.2)

4 (20.0)

177 (45.3)

45 (45.0)

Monthly household income(million IRR)

 < 10

80 (16.1)

2 (10.0)

59 (15.5)

19 (19.4)

0.306b

10 – 20

219 (44.0)

7 (35.0)

178 (46.8)

34 (34.7)

20 – 30

107 (21.5)

6 (30.0)

77 (20.3)

24 (24.5)

 > 30

92 (18.5)

5 (25.0)

66 (17.4)

21 (21.5)

Smoking status

Current smoker

44 (8.6)

1 (5.0)

33 (8.5)

10 (10.0)

0.815b

Sleep pattern

Irregular

195 (38.4)

5 (25.0)

157 (40.3)

33 (33.7)

0.222

Taking medication

yes

439 (86.2)

16 (80.0)

341 (87.7)

82 (82.0)

0.209b

ADL

Independent

476 (93.7)

8 (40.0)

369 (94.9)

99 (100.0)

0.001b

IADL

Independent

423 (83.8)

17 (85.0)

323 (83.5)

83 (84.7)

0.823b

BMI (kg/m2)c

28.4019 \(\pm\) 4.65481

27.6986 \(\pm\) 4.03770

28.2945 \(\pm\) 4.68932

28.9602 \(\pm\) 4.64570

0.351

Mid-arm circumference (cm)c

30.4768 \(\pm\) 3.57469

39.4700 \(\pm\) 5.43895

30.4715 \(\pm\) 3.46207

30.6990 \(\pm\) 3.55847

0.373

Calf circumference (cm)c

37.3854 \(\pm\) 3.72989

35.8789 \(\pm\) 5.88270

37.4461 \(\pm\) 3.62947

37.4360 \(\pm\) 3.58703

0.200

  1. χ2 test was used to analyze qualitative variables and the results are reported as n (%). Percentages are based on HEI categories
  2. aPercentages are related to the total number of studied population
  3. bFisher’s Exact test was used for this variable
  4. cObtained from ANOVA test and the results are reported as mean ± SD
  5. ADL activities of daily living, IADL instrumental activities of daily living, BMI body mass index
  6. For ADL and IADL, only independent groups were reported