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Table 1 Preoperative characteristics of patients with or without POD

From: Higher serum PGE2 is a predicative biomarker for postoperative delirium following elective orthopedic surgery in elderly patients

Characteristics

POD group (n = 35)

Non-POD group (n = 96)

aP value

effect size

Sex (n, male/female)

15/20

39/57

0.818

/

Age (year)

77(70 ~ 82)

72(67 ~ 76)

0.001

0.30

ASA status (I/II/III)

2/22/11

8/73/15

0.169

/

BMI (kg/m2)

21.88(19.58 ~ 25.40)

23.50(22.04 ~ 26.38)

0.058

/

Preoperative MMSE

22(18 ~ 27)

26(23 ~ 29)

0.001

0.30

Medical comorbidities (n)

    

  Hypertension

29(82.86%)

78(81.25%)

0.833

/

  Diabetes mellitus

13(37.14%)

30(31.25%)

0.525

/

  Coronary artery disease

11(31.43%)

27(28.13%)

0.712

/

  History of stroke

10(28.57%)

19(19.79%)

0.284

/

  Chronic pulmonary disease

6(17.14%)

16(16.67%)

0.949

/

  Duration of surgery (min)

85(75 ~ 95)

80(70 ~ 90)

0.454

/

  Blood loss(ml)

250(200 ~ 300)

250(200 ~ 350)

0.815

/

  1. POD Postoperative delirium, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, BMI Body Mass Index, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination
  2. aContinuous normally distributed variables (data presented as mean and SD) were analyzed with independent-sample t-test. Continuous non-normally distributed variables (data presented as median and IQR) were analyzed with Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical data were analyzed with χ2 test or Fisher exact test (n = 131)