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Table 2 Baseline and hospitalization characteristics for patients with and without 30-day readmission

From: Depressive symptoms and malnutrition are associated with other geriatric syndromes and increase risk for 30-Day readmission in hospitalized older adults: a prospective cohort study

 

Readmission (N = 331)

No readmission (N = 1176)

p value

Socio-demographics

   

Age

77.0 (8.2)

76.1 (7.7)

0.068

Gender (Female)

159 (48.0%)

606 (51.5%)

0.261

Ethnicity (Chinese)

256 (77.3%)

960 (81.6%)

0.116

Living alone

12 (3.5%)

60 (5.2%)

0.308

Admission diagnoses (top 3)

   

Sepsis

110 (33.2%)

354 (30.1%)

< 0.001

Fluid overload/ ACS

30 (9.1%)

43 (3.6%)

 

Geriatric syndromea

42 (12.7%)

193 (16.4%)

 

Severity of Illness Index

   

Level 1/2

196 (59.3%)

751 (64.0%)

0.144

Level 3

134 (40.6%)

422 (36.0%)

 

Length of stay (days)

6.6 (5.4)

5.6 (4.4)

< 0.001

Caregiver burden (N = 223)

   

  High strain

64 (42.4%)

31 (43.1%)

0.909

Comorbidity Burden

   

Previous admission 1 yr

206 (62.2%)

512 (43.5%)

< 0.001

Charlson’s Comorbidity Index

  

< 0.001

  Low

38 (11.5%)

281 (23.9%)

 

  Medium

128 (38.7%)

524 (44.6%)

 

  High

86 (26.0%)

231 (20.0%)

 

  Very high

79 (24.0%)

136 (11.6%)

 

Polypharmacy

204 (62.2%)

550 (47.5%)

< 0.001

Baseline risk factors

   

Clinical Frailty Scale

  

< 0.001

  Non-frail (CFS 1–4)

68 (20.5%)

333 (28.3%)

 

  Mild frailty (CFS 5)

148 (44.7%)

565 (48.0%)

 

  Moderate frailty (CFS 6)

58 (17.5%)

165 (4.0%)

 

  Severe frailty (CFS 7/8)

57 (17.2%)

113 (9.6%)

 

Depressive symptoms

  

< 0.001

  PHQ2- / History -

195 (58.9%)

834 (71.0%)

 

  PHQ2- / History +

9 (2.7%)

31 (2.6%)

 

  PHQ2+ / History ±

86 (26.0%)

238 (20.3%)

 

  Uncommunicative

41 (12.4%)

71 (6.1%)

 

Malnutrition

57 (17.4%)

133 (11.7%)

0.007

Cognitive impairment

112 (35.1%)

328 (28.6%)

0.025

Geriatric syndromes during admission

   

Delirium (include subsyndromal)

47 (14.2%)

120 (10.2%)

0.040

Functional decline at discharge

66 (20.3%)

119 (10.1%)

< 0.001

Poor oral intake

127 (38.7%)

257 (22.2%)

< 0.001

  1. ACS Acute coronary syndrome, PHQ Patient Health Questionnaire
  2. aAny record of falls, delirium, cognitive impairment or functional decline in the admission diagnosis