Table 4 Mediation analysis of self-management behaviors and perceived social support for participants (N = 140)

From: Mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between social support and self-management behaviors among patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study

	Self-management behaviors						Self-efficacy
	Model 1			Model 3			Model 2
Variable	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
Perceived social support	0.90	0.26	< 0.001	0.76	0.25	0.003	1.45	0.72	0.046
Self-efficacy				0.10	0.03	0.001
Gender	1.20	2.74	0.661	1.07	2.64	0.685	1.31	7.68	0.864
Age	− 0.13	0.12	0.285	− 0.08	0.12	0.489	− 0.49	0.34	0.156
K-L GS	-1.74	1.52	0.254	-1.22	1.47	0.408	-5.16	4.25	0.226
BMI	− 0.58	0.31	0.063	− 0.37	0.30	0.223	-2.05	0.86	0.019
Disease duration	− 0.05	0.22	0.832	− 0.002	0.21	0.990	− 0.43	0.60	0.476
Other diseases	0.28	2.77	0.921	0.39	2.67	0.885	-1.12	7.76	0.885
Education^a
Junior or Senior high school	7.89	2.69	0.004	6.31	2.63	0.018	15.93	7.53	0.036
College and above	13.11	3.72	< 0.001	10.84	3.65	0.004	22.72	10.41	0.031
		R² = 0.28			R² = 0.34			R² = 0.21
		F = 5.63	< 0.001		F = 6.56	< 0.001		F = 3.93	< 0.001
	Effect	SE	p	95% CI		% ^b
Total effect	0.899	0.26	< 0.001	0.390	1.410	100
Direct effect	0.754	0.25	0.003	0.255	1.254	83.87
Indirect effect	0.145	0.09		0.002	0.360	16.13

SE standard error, β Standardized coefficient, K-L GS Kellgren-Lawrence Grading Scale, BMI Body Mass Index, CI confidence interval
^a Reference: Elementary school
^bPercentage of effect/total effect

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