Skip to main content

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of participants according to incident stroke status

From: Associations of multiple chronic disease and depressive symptoms with incident stroke among Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Baseline characteristics

Participants, 8-year follow up, n (%)

P-value#

Unadjusted model

Total (n = 7108)

Stroke

Yes (n = 409)

No (n = 6699)

HR (95% CI)

P-value

Gender

  Male

3172 (44.6)

197 (6.2)

2975 (93.8)

0.141

1.00 (reference)

 

  Female

3931 (55.3)

212 (5.4)

3719 (94.6)

 

0.865 (0.712–1.050)

0.142

  Missing data

5 (0.1)

     

Age, median (IQR), year

57.0 (51.0, 64.0)

60.0 (56.0, 67.0)

57.0 (50.0, 63.0)

 < 0.001

1.040 (1.030–1.050)

 < 0.001

Age group, year

      

  ≥ 45

329 (4.6)

3 (0.9)

326 (99.1)

 < 0.001

1.00 (reference)

 

  45–60

4198 (59.1)

202 (4.8)

3996 (95.2)

 

5.393 (1.725–16.862)

0.004

  60–70

1881 (26.5)

141 (7.5)

1740 (92.5)

 

8.485 (2.704–26.624)

 < 0.001

  > 70

689 (9.7)

62 (9.0)

627 (91.0)

 

10.238 (3.214–32.613)

 < 0.001

  Missing data

11 (0.2)

     

Marital status

  Married

6399 (90.0)

352 (5.5)

6047 (94.5)

0.001

1.00 (reference)

 

  Separated or divorced

61 (0.9)

1 (1.6)

60 (98.4)

 

0.293 (0.041–2.086)

0.220

  Widowed

606 (8.5)

55 (9.1)

551 (90.9)

 

1.675 (1.260–2.225)

 < 0.001

  Never married

42 (0.6)

1 (2.4)

41 (97.6)

 

0.424 (0.060–3.021)

0.392

Education level

  Primary school or below

4837 (68.1)

292 (6.0)

4545 (94.0)

0.153

1.00 (reference)

 

  Middle school

1506 (21.2)

71 (4.7)

1435 (95.3)

 

0.779 (0.601–1.010)

0.059

  High school or above

763 (10.7)

45 (5.9)

718 (94.1)

 

0.976 (0.713–1.336)

0.880

  Missing data

2 (0)

     

Ever smoking

  No

4441 (62.5)

239 (5.4)

4202 (94.6)

0.082

1.00 (reference)

 

  Yes

2667 (37.5)

170 (6.4)

2497 (93.6)

 

1.189 (0.977–1.448)

0.084

Last year drinking

  No

4757 (66.9)

274 (5.8)

4483 (94.2)

0.976

1.00 (reference)

 

  Yes

2351 (33.1)

135 (5.7)

2216 (94.3)

 

0.993 (0.808–1.220)

0.948

Residence

  Rural

6589 (92.7)

389 (5.9)

6200 (94.1)

0.055

1.00 (reference)

 

  Urban

518 (7.3)

20 (3.9)

498 (96.1)

 

0.645 (0.411–1.011)

0.056

  Missing data

1 (0)

     

BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2

23.6 (4.1)

23.5 (4.1)

24.5 (4.3)

 < 0.001

1.044 (1.025–1.064)

 < 0.001

Systolic pressure, median (IQR), mmHg

126.0 (114.0, 140.3)

134.3 (120.8, 150.5)

125.3 (113.7, 139.7)

 < 0.001

1.008 (1.005–1.010)

 < 0.001

Diastolic pressure, median (IQR), mmHg

74.3 (67.0, 83.0)

78.3 (69.8, 87.2)

78.3 (69.8, 87.2)

 < 0.001

1.027 (1.019–1.036)

 < 0.001

hs-CRP, median (IQR), mg/dL

0.97 (0.53, 1.97)

1.25 (0.64, 2.48)

0.95 (0.52, 1.94)

 < 0.001

1.014 (1.006–1.022)

 < 0.001

FBG, mean (SD), mmol/L

5.88 (1.45)

6.08 (1.68)

5.87 (1.43)

0.006

1.071 (1.021–1.123)

0.005

HbA1c, mean (SD) (%)

5.19 (0.61)

5.24 (0.56)

5.18 (0.61)

0.069

1.132 (0.989–1.296)

0.072

Serum creatinine, mean (SD), μmol/L

67.81 (15.92)

69.55 (16.86)

67.71 (15.85)

0.024

1.007 (1.001–1.012)

0.023

Total Cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L

5.01 (1.00)

5.15 (0.98)

5.00 (1.00)

0.004

1.141 (1.042–1.248)

0.004

Triglyceride, mean (SD), mmol/L

1.46 (1.18)

1.57 (1.00)

1.45 (1.20)

0.045

1.065 (1.001–1.134)

0.047

HDL-c, mean (SD), mmol/L

1.33 (0.39)

1.28 (0.39)

1.34 (0.39)

0.005

0.688 (0.529–0.893)

0.005

LDL-c, mean (SD), mmol/L

3.04 (0.89)

3.17 (0.92)

3.03 (0.89)

0.003

1.173 (1.057–1.302)

0.003

Hemoglobin, mean (SD), g/dL

14.41 (2.19)

14.65 (2.37)

14.39 (2.18)

0.020

1.050 (1.007–1.095)

0.021

Uric Acid, mean (SD), μmol/L

260.66 (71.51)

267.84 (77.33)

260.22 (71.12)

0.038

1.001 (1.000–1.003)

0.042

Cystatin C, mean (SD), mg/L

0.99 (0.23)

1.03 (0.24)

0.99 (0.23)

0.003

1.667 (1.220–2.277)

0.001

Hypertension

  No

4551 (64.0)

174 (3.8)

4377 (96.2)

 < 0.001

1.00 (reference)

 

  Yes

2557 (36.0)

235 (9.2)

2322 (90.8)

 

2.469 (2.030–3.004)

 < 0.001

Dyslipidemia

  No

5149 (72.4)

246 (4.8)

4903 (95.2)

 < 0.001

1.00 (reference)

 

  Yes

1959 (27.6)

163 (8.3)

1796 (91.7)

 

1.776 (1.457–2.165)

 < 0.001

Heart problems

  No

6323 (89.0)

336 (5.3)

5987 (94.7)

 < 0.001

1.00 (reference)

 

  Yes

763 (10.7)

72 (9.4)

691 (90.6)

 

1.807 (1.401–2.330)

 < 0.001

  Missing data

22 (0.3)

     

Diabetic Status

  Others

3126 (44.0)

155 (5.0)

2971 (95.0)

0.032

1.00 (reference)

 

  Prediabetes

3298 (46.4)

207 (6.3)

3091 (93.7)

 

1.273 (1.034–1.568)

0.023

  Diabetes

684 (9.6)

47 (6.9)

637 (93.1)

 

1.399 (1.009–1.939)

0.044

Chronic kidney disease

  No

6644 (93.5)

376 (5.7)

6268 (94.3)

0.098

1.00 (reference)

 

  Yes

436 (6.1)

33 (7.6)

403 (92.4)

 

1.345 (0.942–1.920)

0.102

  Missing data

28 (0.4)

     

CES-D scores, median (IQR)

7 (3, 12)

8.0 (4.0, 14.0)

7.0 (3.0, 12.0)

0.005

1.024 (1.009–1.039)

0.001

  1. Abbreviation SD Standard deviation, IQR Interquartile range, hs-CRP High sensitivity C-reactive protein, FBG Fasting blood glucose, HDL-c HDL cholesterol, LDL-c LDL cholesterol, BMI Body mass index, CESD-10 The 10-item Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression (CESD-10), HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval
  2. # The Chi-square test for categorical variables and the t-test or Wilcoxon test for continuous variables were used to assess the differences between the groups