Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants according to depressive symptoms status
Variables | Baseline survey (n = 8,389) | Depressive symptoms, n (%) | P-value# | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 1659) | No (n = 6730) | |||
Gender | ||||
  Male | 3905 (46.5) | 575 (34.7) | 3330 (49.5) |  < 0.001 |
  Female | 4478 (53.4) | 1083 (65.3) | 3395 (50.5) |  |
  Missing data | 6 (0.1) |  |  |  |
Age, mean (SD), year | 58.5 (9.1) | 59.9 (9.0) | 58.1 (9.0) |  < 0.001 |
Marital status | ||||
  Married | 7521 (89.7) | 1372 (82.7) | 6149 (91.4) |  < 0.001 |
  Separated or divorced | 81 (1.0) | 35 (2.1) | 46 (0.7) |  |
  Widowed | 745 (8.9) | 239 (14.4) | 506 (7.5) |  |
  Never married | 42 (0.5) | 13 (0.8) | 29 (0.4) |  |
Education level | ||||
  Primary school or below | 5554 (66.2) | 1322 (79.7) | 4232 (62.9) |  < 0.001 |
  Middle school | 1814 (21.6) | 246 (14.8) | 1568 (23.3) |  |
  High school or above | 1015 (12.1) | 91 (5.5) | 924 (13.7) |  |
  Missing data | 6 (0.1) |  |  |  |
Ever smoking | ||||
  No | 5169 (61.6) | 1120 (67.5) | 4049 (60.2) |  < 0.001 |
  Yes | 3220 (38.4) | 539 (32.5) | 2681 (39.8) |  |
Last year drinking | ||||
  No | 6223 (74.2) | 1332 (80.3) | 4891 (72.7) |  < 0.001 |
  Yes | 2166 (25.8) | 327 (19.7) | 1839 (27.3) |  |
Residence | ||||
  Rural | 7601 (90.6) | 1563 (94.2) | 6038 (89.7) |  < 0.001 |
  Urban | 787 (9.4) | 96 (5.8) | 691 (10.3) |  |
  Missing data | 1 (0) |  |  |  |
BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 23.73 (4.45) | 23.25 (4.16) | 23.85 (4.51) |  < 0.001 |
Systolic pressure, median (IQR), mmHg | 126.67 (114.76, 141.33) | 125.67 (113.67, 141.67) | 127.00 (115.00, 141.33) | 0.115 |
Diastolic pressure, median (IQR), mmHg | 75.00 (67.33, 83.33) | 74.33 (66.67, 82.67) | 75.00 (67.67, 83.33) | 0.040 |
hs-CRP, median (IQR), mg/dL | 1.04 (0.54, 2.17) | 1.02 (0.54, 2.31) | 1.04 (0.55, 2.14) | 0.874 |
FBG, mean (SD), mmol/L | 6.11 (1.94) | 6.05 (1.88) | 6.13 (1.96) | 0.144 |
HbA1c, mean (SD) (%) | 5.28 (0.82) | 5.31 (0.87) | 5.27 (0.81) | 0.078 |
Serum creatinine, mean (SD), μmol/L | 69.05 (21.33) | 65.91 (15.81) | 69.83 (22.42) |  < 0.001 |
Total Cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 5.02 (1.01) | 5.07 (1.00) | 5.01 (1.01) | 0.035 |
Triglyceride, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.50 (1.21) | 1.42 (1.03) | 1.52 (1.25) | 0.005 |
HDL-c, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.32 (0.40) | 1.36 (0.41) | 1.31 (0.39) |  < 0.001 |
LDL-c, mean (SD), mmol/L | 3.04 (0.90) | 3.10 (0.90) | 3.03 (0.90) | 0.005 |
Hemoglobin, mean (SD), g/dL | 14.43 (2.18) | 14.20 (2.17) | 14.48 (2.18) |  < 0.001 |
Uric Acid, mean (SD), μmol/L | 265.46 (75.17) | 252.62 (72.76) | 268.63 (75.42) |  < 0.001 |
Cystatin C, mean (SD), mg/L | 1.01 (0.28) | 1.02 (0.26) | 1.01 (0.29) | 0.119 |
Hypertension | ||||
  No | 5249 (62.6) | 1002 (60.4) | 4247 (63.1) | 0.041 |
  Yes | 3140 (37.4) | 657 (39.6) | 2483 (36.9) |  |
Dyslipidemia | ||||
  No | 5885 (70.2) | 1176 (70.9) | 4709 (70.0) | 0.465 |
  Yes | 2504 (29.8) | 483 (29.1) | 2021 (30.0) |  |
Heart problems | ||||
  No | 7451 (88.8) | 1369 (82.5) | 6082 (90.4) |  < 0.001 |
  Yes | 938 (11.2) | 290 (17.5) | 648 (9.6) |  |
Diabetic Status | ||||
  Others | 3494 (41.6) | 722 (43.5) | 2772 (41.2) | 0.225 |
  Prediabetes | 3783 (45.1) | 725 (43.7) | 3058 (45.4) |  |
  Diabetes | 1112 (13.3) | 212 (12.8) | 900 (13.4) |  |
Chronic kidney disease | ||||
  No | 7880 (93.9) | 1495 (90.1) | 6385 (94.9) |  < 0.001 |
  Yes | 509 (6.1) | 164 (9.9) | 345 (5.1) |  |
CESD-10 scores, median (IQR) | 7.00 (3.00, 11.00) | 16.00 (14.00, 20.00) | 6.00 (3.00, 8.00) |  < 0.001 |